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JVIM Papers > JVIM 2023 > Flashcards

JVIM 2023 Flashcards

1
Q

True or false: hypofolataemia is an inferior biomarker of CE compared to hypocobalaminaemia

A

TRUE

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2
Q

In ‘Association of folate concentrations with clinical signs and laboratory markers of chronic enteropathy in dogs’, what 2 other markers was COBALAMIN concentration correlated with?

A

Albumin
Cholesterol
(and folate)

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3
Q

In ‘Association of folate concentrations with clinical signs and laboratory markers of chronic enteropathy in dogs’, what (if any) other markers was FOLATE concentration correlated with?

A

None (except cobalamin)

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4
Q

True or false - repeated spec cPLI can identify multiple acquired PSS in dogs after EHPSS attenuation?

A

FALSE

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5
Q

True or false - in ‘Prospective evaluation of the efficacy of inhaled steroids administered via the AeroDawg spacing chamber in management of dogs with chronic cough’, out of 36 dogs quite a few did not accept inhaled medication.

A

FALSE - only 1 dog of 36 did not accept it

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6
Q

In dogs with airway collapse or inflammatory airway disease, which of the following (if any) improved with inhaled fluticasone use?
a) Cough frequency
b) Cough severity
c) Cough duration

A

All 3 improved

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7
Q

True or false - in ‘Prospective evaluation of the efficacy of inhaled steroids administered via the AeroDawg spacing chamber in management of dogs with chronic cough’, the quality of life score improved in dogs being treated.

A

TRUE

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8
Q

In ‘Thyroidectomy in dogs with thyroid tumors: Survival analysis in 144 cases (1994-2018)’, what % of dogs had metastasis identified at time of diagnosis?

A

8.3%

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9
Q

What 4 factors were associated with death in dogs with thyroid tumours?

A

Metastasis
Thrombosis
Non-follicular carcinoma
Administration of chemotherapy

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10
Q

Is pseudomembranous cystitis associated more with male or female cats?

A

Male (100%)

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11
Q

True or false: Pseudomembranous cystitis is commonly associated with urethral obstruction

A

TRUE (80%)

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12
Q

True or false - in the majority of cats with pseudomembranous cystitis in and mineralization, urine culture was positive

A

FALSE

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13
Q

In ‘Outcomes of treatment of cats with feline infectious peritonitis using parenterally administered remdesivir, with or without transition to orally administered GS-441524’, what & survied to 6 months? What % of cats that survived 48 hours survived to 6 months?

A

86%
96%

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14
Q

In ‘Outcomes of treatment of cats with feline infectious peritonitis using parenterally administered remdesivir, with or without transition to orally administered GS-441524’, of surviving cats what % achieved remission by day 84?

A

56%

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15
Q

Which nerves are affected in immune-mediated polyneuropathy in cats?

A

Purely axonal motor

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16
Q

What is the prognosis in immune-mediated polyneuropathy in cats?

A

Excellent to good

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17
Q

Which of the following, if any, storage conditions may clinically affect UPC measurements in feline urine?
a) out of the fridge for 1 day
b) in the fridge for 7 days
c) fridge for 6 months

A

Only fridge for 6m

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18
Q

Which was more common in dogs with carcinoma/sarcoma - intratumoral microthrombi or distant micorthrombi?

A

Intratumoral

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19
Q

Which 2 blood result were significantly different in tumor-bearing dogs with microthrombi compared to tumor-bearing dogs without microthrombi?

A

Higher D-dimer
Loer platelets

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20
Q

What trace minerals/elements/metals were higher in hair samples in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy?

A

Copper
Zinc
Selenium
Arsenic

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21
Q

Potassium bromide therapy is associated with higher hair concentration of which element?

A

Arsenic

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22
Q

In ‘Benign ureteral obstruction in cats: Outcome with medical management’, what factor was associated with increased success?

A

Smaller distal uroliths (<1-2 mm) were

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23
Q

In ‘Benign ureteral obstruction in cats: Outcome with medical management’, what was the failure rate?

A

57%

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24
Q

In ‘Benign ureteral obstruction in cats: Outcome with medical management’, what was median time to a successful outcome?

A

16 days

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25
Q

Which cause of ureteral obstruction was associated with lowest success rates with medical management - uroliths, strictures or pyonepritis?

A

Uroliths

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26
Q

Is hyper-lipasaemia common or uncommon in canine AKI?

A

Common

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27
Q

True or false - Hyperlipasemia is associated with AKI severity in dogs

A

TRUE

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28
Q

True or false - In dogs with AKI, hyperlipasemia was usually associated with pancreatitis

A

FALSE

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29
Q

True or false - Hyperlipasemia is associated with mortality in canine AKI

A

TRUE

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30
Q

What breed appears prone to hyperhomocysteinemia? What is the proposed mechanism?

A

Primary defect in conversion of HCy to methionine in Greyhounds

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31
Q

Which of the following (if any) were different between dogs with cardiac and non-cardiac causes of ascites?
a) NT-proBNP
b) GB wall oedema
c) cTnI
d) caudal vena cava distension

A

NT-proBNP
CVC distension
(both higher in cardiac)

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32
Q

In cats, is mucosal fibrosis more common in the duodenum or colon?

A

Colon

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33
Q

What 2 stains (in addition to H+E) can help to identify intestinal fibrosis?

A

Massons trichrome
Vimentin

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34
Q

True or false - in cats with feline IBD, positive fibrosis staining was associated with increased risk of:
a) death
b) disease remission

A

a) TRUE
b) FALSE (decreased risk of remission)

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35
Q

Do dogs with FRE or ‘true’ IBD have more abnormal proteomes?

A

IBD

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36
Q

True or false - GI microbiome diversity is not significantly reduced in dogs with tumors compared to healthy dogs

A

FALSE - diversity is decreased in tumours

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37
Q

Which microbiome genus had lower abundance in tumour-bearing dogs compared to controls?

A

Bacteroides

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38
Q

Which microbiome genus had lower abundance in aggressive tumor progression in dogs?

A

Staphylococcus

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39
Q

Do dogs with tumours have lower alpha or beta diversity in their GI microbiome?

A

Alpha

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40
Q

What rare differential should be considered in dogs with suspected GI bleeding after a negative conventional endoscopy or surgical exploration? How is it diagnosed?

A

Angiodysplasia
Video capsule endoscopy appears sensitive for diagnosis

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41
Q

True or false - prophylactic omeprazole treatment decreased clinically detectable GI complications in dogs with acute thoracolumbar-IVDE

A

FALSE

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42
Q

Which serum protein was identified with >50-fold increase in abundance in cats with chronic enteropathy compared to healthy cats

A

Thrombospondin-1

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43
Q

True or false - juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis had lower serum cobalamin concentrations than healthy juvenile dogs.

A

TRUE

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44
Q

True or false - juvenile dogs with non-parvoviral viral enteritis had lower serum cobalamin concentrations than healthy juvenile dogs.

A

TRUE

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45
Q

True or false - based on serum MMA concentrations, cellular cobalamin deficiency was apparent in juvenile dogs with parvoviral enteritis

A

FALSE

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46
Q

True or false - both cTnI and proBNP are increased in the majority of dogs with acute pancreatitis

A

TRUE

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47
Q

True or false - In dogs with acute pancreatitis, cardiovascular variables were associated with indices of disease severity

A

FALSE

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48
Q

Increases in which cardiac biomarker were observed in dogs with Spec cPL concentration >2000 μg/L?

A

High sensitivity troponin I

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49
Q

What % of dogs with resp disease have videofluoroscopic swallow study abnormalities?

A

75%

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50
Q

Which respiratory dogs had higher penetration-aspiration score on VFSS compared to healthy dogs - those with airway disease or those with parenchymal disease?

A

Airway disease

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51
Q

Which microRNA was found to distinguish between cats with GI cancer and CIE?

A

Serum miR-223-3p

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52
Q

Which (if any) faecal miRNAs can distinguish between cats with GIC and CIE

A

None

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53
Q

In an ‘undernutrition screening score’, which variables USS were most predictive of not achieving clinical remission within 6 months in dogs with PLE?

A

A combination of epaxial muscle loss and coat condition

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54
Q

True or false - Dogs with PLE that failed to achieve clinical remission had higher undernutrition score at diagnosis

A

TRUE

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55
Q

Which fecal acute phase proteins decreased in cats treated for chronic enteropathy?

A

Ceruluplasmin

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56
Q

Which fecal acute phase proteins was appears useful in differentiating CIE from SCL in cats?

A

A1-AGP

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57
Q

Which fecal acute phase proteins are increased in cats with feline chronic enteropathy?

A

Ceruluspasmin
Haptoglobin

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58
Q

Which fecal acute phase proteins was decreased in cats with feline chronic enteropathy?

A

A1-AGP

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59
Q

True or false - A panel of IgA-based serologic assays was useful in identifying dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy

A

FALSE

60
Q

True or false - dogs with acute pancreatitis have higher vitamin D concentrations compared to healthy controls

A

TRUE

61
Q

True or false - dogs with acute pancreatitis have higher concentrations of vitamin D receptors than healthy controls

A

TRUE

62
Q

True or false - dogs with acute pancreatitis have higher concentrations of vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP) than healthy controls

A

FALSE

63
Q

Which marker of vitamin D status correlated with survival in dogs with acute pancreattiis?

A

Vitamin D receptor concentration

64
Q

Which marker of vitamin D status negatively correlated with CRP and SpecCPLi in dogs with acute pancreatitis?

A

Vitamin D receptor concentration

65
Q

Feeding an elemental diet resulted in improvement in what proportion of dogs with uncontrolled CE?

A

16/23 (70%)

66
Q

True or false - an elemental diet changed the faecal microbiome in dogs with uncontrolled chronic enteropathy

A

TRUE

67
Q

What is the incidence of AKI in dogs treated with amphotericin B?

A

36-42%

68
Q

What 2 factors decreased the chances of AKI in dogs treated with amphotericin B?

A

ICU hospitalisation
Inpatient treatment

69
Q

In rapid immunoassay for bacteriuria, was this test more sensitive or specific?

A

Moree specific

70
Q

In rapid immunoassay for bacteriuria, what 3 factors were associated with increased chance of positive results?

A

Malodorous urine
Bacteriuria
Pyuria

71
Q

How does hyperthyroidism affect USG in cats (if at all)?

A

No effect

72
Q

True or false - hyperthyroid cats with lower USG were more likely to develop azotaemia post RAI treatment

A

TRUE

73
Q

What effect (if any) did iatrogenic hypothyroidism have on USG in cats treated with RAI?

A

Decreased USG in cats that developed hypoT

74
Q

What is the most common echocardiographic finding in dogs with PH secondary to respiratory disease?

A

Pulmonary arterial enlargement

75
Q

Which is associated with more marked echocardiographic changes in dogs with pulmonary hypertension - obstructive airway disease or restrictive lung disease?

A

Restrictive lung disease

76
Q

Chronic inflammation associated with what represents a possible triggering factor for the development of follicular cystitis in dogs?

A

Intramural E. coli infection in the urinary bladder wall

77
Q

Is follicular cystitis associated with small or large breed dogs?

A

Large

78
Q

In non-traumatic hemorrhagic myelopathy in dogs, what was the most commonly identified underlying cause? Second most common?

A
  1. Angiostrongylus
  2. SRMA
79
Q

True or false - for non-traumatic hemorrhagic myelopathy in dogs, a minority of dogs had a good/excellent outcome

A

FaLSE

80
Q

True or false - in non-traumatic hemorrhagic myelopathy in dogs, outcome was associated with neurological severity

A

FALSE

81
Q

Which is more reliable in detecting CHF in dogs with respiratory signs - Radiographic vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) or vertebral heart size (VHS)

A

VLAS

82
Q

True or false - in dogs with respiratory signs, murmur grade was associated with likelihood of CHF

A

TRUE

83
Q

In ‘External validation of a United Kingdom primary-care Cushing’s prediction tool in a population of referred Dutch dogs’, did the original tool over- or under-estimate Cushings diagnosis?

A

Overestimate

84
Q

Which had more reduction early on in RT of nasal tumours - sarcoma or carcinoma?

A

Carcinoma

85
Q

True or false - serum insulin concentration at time of diagnosis was predictive of metastasis in canine insulinoma?

A

FALSE

86
Q

True or false - serum insulin concentration at time of diagnosis was predictive of survival time in canine insulinoma?

A

FALSE

87
Q

True or false - stage of heart disease affects pimobendan pharmacokinetics in dogs with MMVD

A

FALSE

88
Q

In healthy cats, which of the following (if any) decreased the number of activated platelets?
a) Clopidogrel
b) Rivaroxaban
c) Combined clopidogrel and rivoroxoban

A

c) Combined clopidogrel and rivoroxoban

89
Q

What effect (if any) did heart disease have on calculated serum osmolality compared to healthy dogs?

A

Dogs with Stage B and Stage C/D heart disease had higher calculated Osm than healthy dogs

90
Q

In ‘Adeno-associated virus-vectored erythropoietin gene therapy for anemia in cats with chronic kidney disease’, what were the two reported adverse effects?

A

Encephalopathy
Hypertension

91
Q

True or false, in ‘Adeno-associated virus-vectored erythropoietin gene therapy for anemia in cats with chronic kidney disease’, a majority of cats responded to SB-001

A

TRUE

92
Q

In idiopathic functional urinary outflow tract obstruction in dogs, what % had incontinence? What % had dysuria?

A

45% incontinence
100% dysuria

93
Q

True or false - in idiopathic functional urinary outflow tract obstruction in dogs, outcome was affected by the presence of overt neurological signs

A

FALSE

94
Q

True or false - cat bile harbors a core microbiota

A

FALSE

95
Q

Biliary infection with what bacteria appears to induce growth of other bacteria in the microbiome?

A

E. coli

96
Q

Which has a higher diagnsotic accuracy for Histoplasma - enzyme immunoassay or immunodiffusion?

A

Enzyme immunoassay

97
Q

Is Histoplasam enzyme immunoassay more sensitive or more specific?

A

More specific

98
Q

Which electrolyte abnormality was common in dogs post-cholecystectomy and was associated with increased mortality?

A

Hypernatraemia

99
Q

True or false - APPLEfast score predicted survival in dogs undergoing cholecystectomy

A

FALSE

100
Q

What was the median number of days after initial diagnosis of acute CHF (in dogs with MMVD) to:
a) readmission
b) death

A

a) 150 days
b) 266 days

101
Q

True or fasle - in canine Histopalsam, adding fungal culture improves diagnostic sen- sitivity when used with cytopathology and antigen detection

A

FALSE

102
Q

Resistance to which antifungal is present in 25% of dogs with histoplasmosis?

A

Fluconazole

103
Q

When the UPC is >2.0, achieving recommended UPC targets within what period appears to be associated with a significant survival benefit?

A

Within 3 months

104
Q

In dogs with UPC >2 receiving ACE inhibitors, what 2 baseline biochemsitry findings were associated with non-survival

A

Azotaemia
Hypoalbuminaemia

105
Q

Long term survival was seen in a cat with which bladder tumour treated with partial cystectomy and adjuvant metronomic cyclophosphamide and thalidomide

A

Haemangiosarcoma

106
Q

What were the 2 negative pronostic factors in 14 dogs undergoing transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular masses?

A

Abdominal bleeding
Large tumor volume/body weight ratio

107
Q

In ‘Therapeutic response and prognostic factors of 14 dogs undergoing transcatheter arterial embolization for hepatocellular masses’, what was the MST?

A

419 days

108
Q

Which adipokine is decreased in hypothyroid dogs compared to healthy dogs?

A

Visfatin

109
Q

Which adipokine was positively correlated with BCS and insulin concentrations in hypothyroid dogs

A

Betatrophin

110
Q

What, if any, differecne was there in vitamin D concentrations between dogs with Coccidiosis and healthy controls?

A

No difference

111
Q

In “Autochthonous Babesia canis infections in 49 dogs in Germany”, what % were pyrexic?

A

50%

112
Q

In “Autochthonous Babesia canis infections in 49 dogs in Germany”, what was the most common clincopathological abnormality?

A

Thrombocytopenia (100%)

113
Q

What % does uNGAL need to rise above baseline to be cosndiered more than normal variation?

A

> 100%

114
Q

Which is superior for diagnosis of canine phaeochromocytoma - plasma metanephrines or normetanephrines?

A

Normetanephrines

115
Q

In dogs with NSAID toxicity, waht 3 factors were associated with increased disease severiy?

A
  1. Increased time to presentation
  2. Higher baseline creatinine
  3. Abscence of induced emesis
116
Q

Toxicity with which NSAID was associated with higher disease severity rate in dogs compared to carprofen?

A

Ibuprofen

117
Q

What 5 factors were associated with longer survival in tonsillar carcinoma?

A
  1. Absence of clinicals signs at presentation
  2. Surgery (tonsillectomy)
  3. Use of adjuvant chemotherapy
  4. Use of NSAIDs
  5. No metastasis
118
Q

True or false - canine neopalstic lymphocytes are more sensitive to venetoclax than normal lymphocytes

A

TRUE

119
Q

Which are killed by venetoclax - canine neoplastic T-cell or B-cells?

A

T-cell neoplasia

120
Q

In bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis without empyema in dogs, what was the most common source if infection?

A

Otitis media/interna

121
Q

True or false - pyrexia was common in dogs with bacterial meningitis or meningoencephalitis without empyema

A

FALSE (3/24)

122
Q

Salivary total bile acids were higher in dogs with which two features/diseases comapred to healthy controls?

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Brachycephalic dogs

123
Q

BAL total bile acid concentrations were higher in which (if any) diseases comapred to healthy controls?
a) Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
b) inflamamtory airway disease
c) Recurrent penumonia
d) Brachycephalic dogs

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

124
Q

What was the reported remission rate in cats treated for diabetes mellitus?

A

29%

125
Q

True or false - remission was associated with improved quality of life in cats with diabetes

A

TRUE

126
Q

What factor was associated with diabetic remission in cats?

A

Feeidng a commercially available wet diet (vs diabetic prescription diet)

127
Q

True or false - Healthy dogs eating nontraditional diets had lower indices of systolic function compared todogs eating traditional diets

A

TRUE

128
Q

True or false - Healthy dogs eating nontraditional diets had larger left ventricular volumes compared todogs eating traditional diets

A

TRUE

129
Q

In “Ionized hypercalcemia in 238 cats from a referral hospital population (2009-2019)”, what was the mst common cause of hypercalcaemia?

A

AKI

130
Q

In the majority of dogs with acute pancreatitis, how soon do lipase concentrations return to normal or near-normal?

A

2 days

131
Q

True or fasle - in dogs with acute pancreatitis, clinical signs were not associated with lipases

A

TRUE

132
Q

In “Progression of lipase activity and pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity in dogs hospitalized for acute pancreatitis and correlation with clinical features”, what diagnostic finding correlated significantly with lipase activity and PLI?

A

Hyperechoic mesentery

133
Q

True or false - dogs with haemolytic anaemia have higher carboxyhaemoglobin than:
a) dogs with non-haemolytic anameia
b) non-anaemic dogs

A

a) TRUE
b) TRUE

134
Q

True or false - dogs with non-haemolytic anaemia have higher carboxyhaemoglobin than non-anaemic dogs

A

FALSE

135
Q

In dogs with chronic enteropathy/PLE, what relationship (if any) did ionised magnesium have with the folloowing:
a) PTH
b) Vitamin D

A

a) Negatively correlates
b) Weakly correlates

136
Q

True or false: Modified Adams stage is useful for prognostication for dogs with sinonasal tumors treated with stereotactic RT

A

FALSE
DSST in dogs with stage 4 disease showed no statistical difference compared to other stages

137
Q

Which microRNA is higher in dogs with acute pancreatitis than healthy dogs?

A

cfa-miR-375

138
Q

Expressions of hsa-miR-216a-5p and cfa-miR-375 were positively correlated with what else in dogs with acute pancreatitis?

A

CRP

139
Q

True or false - CREA slope can be used to differentiate stable from progressive kidney dysfunction

A

TRUE

140
Q

True or false - SDMA slope can be used to differentiate stable from progressive kidney dysfunction

A

TRUE

141
Q

What unusual manifestation of pneumocystosis was reported in 2 sibling Chihuahua?

A

Ocular

142
Q

In a case series in 2023, whatIn a small case series, what antiviral was shown to be an effective and safe treatment for 18 domestic cats with FIP?

A

Molnupiravir

143
Q

What is the upper limit for gallbladder wall thickness in fasted (8 hours) dogs <40 kg?

A

1.3mm

144
Q

Using Freestyle Libre 2 in cats, what effect does marked hypoglycaemia have on interstitial glucose reading accuracy (compared to BG)?

A

Generally IG overestimates BG in marked hypoglycemia (<60 mg/dL)

145
Q

Using Freestyle Libre 2 in cats, does interstitial glucose over- or un-der estimate blood glucose in euglycaemia?

A

Underestimates

146
Q
A

JVIM Papers (2 decks)

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