Just Culture

Question 0

In HR, a JC considers an employee’s _________ ___ _________ behavior when dealing with an employee error, thus avoiding a _________ bias?

Answer 0

quality of choice

severity

Question 1

Define “just culture” (JC)

Answer 1

Atmosphere in which people are encouraged, even rewarded, for providing essential safety related information, but in which there are clear lines drawn between acceptable and unacceptable behavior such as willful or gross negligence.

Question 2

What are the three types of errors defined within JC?

Answer 2

1. Human Error
2. At-risk Behavior
3. Reckless Behavior

Question 3

Define human error

Answer 3

An inadvertent action; doing other than what should have been done.

Question 4

Define at-risk behavior

Answer 4

A behavioral choice that increases risk, where risk is not recognized or mistakenly believed to be justified.

Question 5

Define reckless behavior.

Answer 5

A behavioral choice to consciously disregard a substantial and unjustifiable risk.

Question 6

What is severity bias?

Answer 6

Severity Bias is present when the severity of an outcome influences how that person is thought of or how we respond to them if we have managerial authority over them.

In other words, the level of actual harm determines whether discipline or punishment is used.

Question 7

What is the drawback to not understanding the three error types?

Answer 7

HR actions may be, or appear to be, arbitrary.

Question 8

A just culture can be promoted in an organization by adopting “mindfulness”, which consists of:

Answer 8

• A constant concern about the possibility of failure, even in the most successful endeavors (Weick & Sutcliffe, 2001).
• Deference to expertise, regardless of rank
• Adaptability to the unexpected (commitment to resilience)
• Commitment to specific task, while considering bigger picture (sensitivity to operations).
• Ability to flatten or alter hierarchy as the situation demands

Question 9

Basic Root Cause Analysis (RCA) must define whether deviation is _________ or ________.

Answer 9

unintentional / intentional

Question 10

Intentional errors further defined as ________, ________, and ________.

Answer 10

routine / situational / exceptional

Question 11

Unintentional errors further refined as _______, ________, and ________.

Answer 11

slip / lapse / mistake