JURISPRUDENCE

Question 1

Appearence of Maggots

Answer 1

feature of putrefication
helps estimate time since death
18-36hrs = eggs layed
24hrs= hatch
3-5days=pupa
4-5days=adult

Question 2

Forensic ENTOMOLOGY

Answer 2

study of insects that infest a dead body is known as forensic entomology

Question 3

LATE SIGNS OF MOLECULAR DEATH

Answer 3

PAM
PUTREFICATION
ADIPOCERE FORMATION
MUMMIFICATION

Question 4

PUTREFICATION

Answer 4

Stiffening due to accumulation of putrefactive gases in the tissue , which causes FALSE RIGIDITY resulting in stiff limbs

Question 5

factors responsible of putrefication

Answer 5

Autolysis (3-4 hrs death upto 2-3days)

bacterial action

Question 6

ADIPOCERE FORMATION

Answer 6

synonym saponification
modification of putrefication process
fatty tissues of the body=hydrolysed into fatty acids

Question 7

ML importance of ADIPOCERE FORMATION

TCIB mnemonic

Answer 7

TCIB mnemonic

T= time since death 
C= cause of death
I =  Identity of the person
B = burial place

Question 8

time required for adipocre formation

Answer 8

3-6 weeks

Question 9

MUMMIFICATION

Answer 9

late sign of molecular death
definition
in which there is dehydration or desiccation of body tissue and viscera after death

Question 10

mummification vs adipocere

Answer 10

mummification dehydration of body tissue or viscera fter death

adipocere fatty tissues of body hydrolysed into fatty acids

Question 11

ML IMP OF MUMMIFICATION

Answer 11

Same as adipocere formation

TCIB

Question 12

EMBALMING

Answer 12

artificial mummified bodies for purpose of preservation

Question 13

Natural preservatives

Answer 13

Adipocere formation

Mummification

Question 14

artificial preservation

Answer 14

Embalming

cold storage

Question 15

TIME SINCE DEATH factors responsible

Answer 15

cooling of the body
post mortem lividity
Rigor mortis
decomposition changes
Content of stomach and bowels
content of Urinary bladder
biochemical changes
circumstantial evidence

Question 16

Post mortem calarocity def

and occurence

Answer 16

phenomenon in which body temperature of corpse rises or remains usually high for upto 2hrs

occurs in bodies who suffered voilent muscle contraction at time of death
asphysxial deaths
tetanus
strychnine poisoning
acute bacterial infections or viral infections

Question 17

post mortem lividity

Answer 17

PML is the purplish discoloaration the skin of the dependent parts of the body after death

due to accumilation of fluid blood in toneless capillaries and small veins of the skin and organs

mechanism
due to blood gravitating and distending the toneless capillaries and small veins
fixaton of PML is due to stagnation of blood and not due to coagulation

Question 18

PML ML IMPORTANCE

MNEMONIC STPCM

Answer 18

sign of death
time since death
position
cause of death
mode of death

Question 19

PML relation to tsd

Answer 19

first 1-3hrs= mottled patches
next 3-6hrs= bigger patches
next 6-8hrs=fixed and fully developed patches

Question 20

martch of RIGOR MORTIS

Answer 20

12hrs= developing phase
12hrs= persist, static phase
12hrs=passing off phase

Question 21

muscular changes in molecular death(early sign)

Answer 21

primary relaxation
rigor mortis
secondary relaxation

Question 22

rigor mortis definition

Answer 22

it is a condition characterized by stiffening , shortning and opacity of the muscles which follow the period of primary relaxation after death

Question 23

conditions stimulating rigor mortis

Answer 23

heat coagulation / heat stiffening
freezing or cold stiffening
putrefication
cadaveric spasm

Question 24

cadaveric spasm

Answer 24

a condition characterized by stiffening of the mucles immediately after death
WITH OUT THE PRIMARY RELAXATION STAGE unlike rigor mortis

Question 25

MARBLING

Answer 25

it is a condition in which the superficial veins appear as purplish or bluish lines in a specific mosaic or arborescent pattern

Question 26

cause of marbling | time period and content of vessels

Answer 26

cause=deposition of pigments from decomposing blood in the vessel wall time period=24hrs commences, 36hrs is prominent

Question 27

content of vessels

Answer 27

gas bubbles and hemolysing blood

Question 28

PUTREFICATION GASES

Answer 28

``` hydrogen sulfide ammonia carbondioxide methane phophorated hydrogem ```

Question 29

SOMATIC DEATH

Answer 29

it is the complete and irreversible cessation of vital function of brain , heart , lungs . life ceases in the body but persists in its component parts i.e tissue and cells

Question 30

immediate signs of somatic death

Answer 30

INSENSIBILITY AND LOSS OF EEG RYTHM CESSATION OF CIRCULATION/LOSS OF ECG RYTHM CESSATION OF RESPIRATION

Question 31

TEST FOR LOSS OF CIRCULATION

Answer 31

``` IMAGE pg 77 Heat test Artery incision Magnums ligature Test Icards Flourescein test Diaphanous Test ```

Question 32

TEST FOR CESSATION OF RESPIRATION

Answer 32

Winslow glass water test Mirror test Feather test or cotton fiber test

Question 33

MOLECULAR DEATH

Answer 33

Death of tissues and cells individually | loss of life in component parts of the body and generally completes 3-4hrs of somatic death

Question 34

MOLECULAR death early signs

Answer 34

``` EYE CHANGES SKIN CANGES COOLING OF THE BODY POST MORTEM LIVIDITY MUSCULAR CHANGES( prim relax, rigor mortis, sec relax) ```

Question 35

bruise vs post mortem lividity

Answer 35

image pg 83

Question 36

PML TRIVIA

Answer 36

disperses with onset of putrefication cant be appreciated well in dark colored subjects pml not develop if body is tossed around continuosly as seen in fast flowing river or sea waters may be seen in non dependent areas cuz of muscle dvelopin rigor mortis also seen in dependent parts of internal organs