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junctional test Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following statements regarding atrioventricular (AV) nodes and junctional rhythms is incorrect?

A

Junctional rhythms are a result of electrical impulses coming from the SA node.

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2
Q

__________blank cause(s) the unique inverted P wave morphology seen in junctional dysrhythmias.

A

The reverse flow of electrical activity, coming from the AV node or junction,

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3
Q

What is the normal, inherent rate of the AV node?

A

40-60 bpm

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4
Q

Junctional rhythms occur because the electrical impulse comes from the AV junction instead of the ________blank.

A

SA node

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5
Q

In junctional rhythms, where does the electrical current initiate?

A

AV junction

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6
Q

What causes the inverted P wave morphology found with junctional rhythms?

A

Electrical impulses are coming from the AV node, causing atrial depolarization to flow retrogradely.

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7
Q

What does the term “retrograde” mean?

A

Backward

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8
Q

What are the distinguishing characteristics of PJCs?

A

They cause the underlying rhythm to be irregular; the P wave is inverted and may appear before, during, or after the QRS complex.

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9
Q

What symptoms will a patient have if PJCs occur more than four to six times per minute?

A

Hypotension, irregular pulse

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10
Q

Which of the following is a single early electrical impulse that originates in the AV junction, occurring before the next expected sinus impulse and causing an irregularity in the rhythm?

A

PJC

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11
Q

What type of rhythm occurs when the SA node fails to initiate the electrical activity and one of the backup pacemaker sites takes over?

A

Junctional escape rhythm

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12
Q

What is the ventricular heart rate for junctional escape rhythm?

A

40-60 bpm

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13
Q

What are the distinguishing characteristics of junctional escape rhythm?

A

The rhythm is regular; the P wave may occur before, during, or after the QRS; and the P wave is inverted.

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14
Q

What symptoms might occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm?

A

Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation

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15
Q

What is the ventricular heart rate range for accelerated junctional rhythm?

A

60-100 bpm

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16
Q

What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional escape rhythm?

A

heart rate

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17
Q

Why is it unlikely that a patient would have symptoms of low cardiac output with accelerated junctional rhythm?

A

The heart rate is the same as normal sinus rhythm.

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18
Q

What is the ventricular heart rate with junctional tachycardia?

A

100-180 bpm

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19
Q

What is the difference between accelerated junctional rhythm and junctional tachycardia?

A

heart rate

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20
Q

The effect of junctional tachycardia on the patient depends on ________blank.

A

the rate of the rhythm

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21
Q

What is the term for a fast, “fluttering” heartbeat sensation felt by a patient?

A

palpitation

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22
Q

When is junctional tachycardia considered to be serious or life threatening?

A

After a recent myocardial infarction

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23
Q

Which of the following is one criterion for classifying a dysrhythmia as an SVT?

A

heart rate between 150 and 250 bpm

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24
Q

Which of the following is one criterion for classifying a dysrhythmia as an SVT?

A

Ventricular tachycardia

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25
What symptom might a stable patient complain about when experiencing SVT?
palpitations
26
What is the origination point of an SVT?
Atria or junctional region
27
What might you be asked to do when a patient has a supraventricular dysrhythmia?
Increase the paper speed so the tracing can be analyzed more accurately
28
In terms of treating the patient, when a patient has a supraventricular tachycardia, when should the specific type of dysrhythmia be identified?
When the patient first complains of any signs or symptoms
29
What is the term for an ectopic focus originating above the ventricles in the atria or junctional region?
Supraventricular
30
What is the term for a condition in which a patient's blood pressure is not adequate to maintain good blood supply to the vital organs? Multiple Choice
hypotension
31
The PR interval can be measured only if the P wave occurs ________blankblank the QRS complex.
before
32
Which of the following originates from the AV junction? Multiple Choice
Junctional escape rhythm
33
Which of the following treatments may be needed to terminate junctional tachycardia?
medication
34
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is an example of which type of dysrhythmia?
Reentry dysrhythmia
35
What is the primary difficulty in classifying an SVT?
Determining the origin of the tachycardia
36
What type of heart rate is characteristic of a patient who has junctional escape rhythm?
Slower than normal
37
A patient has an accelerated junctional rhythm. When you record the ECG, the tracing shows that the P waves follow the QRS complexes and that the distance from each P wave to the next R wave is 0.6 seconds. What is the PR interval?
The interval cannot be determined.
38
What is the collective term for the AV node and the surrounding tissue, including the bundle of His?
AV junction
39
If the electrical impulse is initiated at the midpoint of the AV junction, where would you expect the P waves to appear on the ECG tracing?
Within the QRS complex
40
Reentry dysrhythmias occur as a result of which of the following situations?
A blockage or short circuit in the normal electrical conduction pathway
41
How does the preexcitation of the ventricles in reentry dysrhythmias appear on an ECG tracing?
delta wave
42
What type of rhythm would be present if abnormal impulses are ignored?
Underlying rhythm
43
Which of the following is the best definition of reentry dysrhythmias?
Blockage or short circuit of the normal electrical conduction pathway
44
The heart's own ability to initiate an electrical impulse without being stimulated by another source is known as:
automaticity.
45
When the sympathetic branch of the ANS (automatic nervous system) is stimulated, the heart responds by:
speeding up
46
What is the heart's response to stimulation of the vagus nerve?
it slows down
47
The function of the bundle branches is to:
conduct electrical impulses from the AV bundle to the left and right ventricles.
48
The primary pacemaker of a normal heart, where the electrical impulse for the heartbeat originates, is the:
SA node
49
The AV node has several important functions that help the heart work effectively. Which of the following is not a function of the AV node?
It causes a loss of atrial kick.
50
The structure that relays an electrical impulse from the SA node to the left atrium in a normal heart is the:
Bachmann's bundle.
51
The structure that transfers an electrical impulse from the atria to the ventricles is the:
bundle of His.
52
Electrical impulses are spread throughout the ventricles by the:
Purkinje network.
53
QRS duration measurement is essential to determine the time it takes for:
ventricular depolarization.
54
The shape of the P wave is analyzed to determine whether:
all of the atrial current is moving in the same pathway.
55
The normal PR interval measurement is:
0.12 to 0.20 second.
56
The normal range for the QRS complex duration is:
0.06 to 0.10 second.
57
Measuring the PR interval requires the ECG technician to measure from the:
beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS complex.
58
The P wave represents:
atrial depolarization.
59
The ECG analysis consists of __________blank steps, which include evaluation of the following components of the ECG rhythm strips:
five; (1) rhythm or regularity, (2) rate, (3) P wave morphology, (4) PR interval, and (5) QRS duration and morphology.
60
Premature junctional complex (PJC) is:
a single early electrical impulse that originates in the atrioventricular junction.
61
With junctional escape rhythm, if the P wave is identifiable, the atrial rate will be 40 to 60 beats per minute, and the ventricular rate:
will be the same, 40 to 60 beats per minute.
62
With accelerated junctional rhythm, if the P wave is identifiable, the rate will be:
60 to 100 beats per minute.
63
The rate for accelerated junctional rhythm is the same as:
normal sinus rhythm, so it is unlikely the patient will show signs of low cardiac output.
64
Which of the following dysrhythmias is not considered part of the supraventricular tachycardia classification?
Ventricular tachycardia
65
What is the heart rate range for junctional escape rhythm?
40–60 beats per minute
66
What is the inherent rate of the Purkinje network?
20 to 40 bpm

Ekg (6 decks)

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