judicial branch quiz

Question 1

-lower courts have the authority to hear cases for the first time

Answer 1

Original Jurisdiction

Question 2

courts that hear reviews or appeals of decisions from the lower courts (Court of Appeals and SCOTUS)

Answer 2

Appellate Jurisdiction

Question 3

allows certain types of cases to be tried in either the federal or state courts

Answer 3

Concurrent Jurisdiction-

Question 4

Federal judicial system consists of

Answer 4

constitutional courts and legislative courts

Question 5

Included-District Courts, Court of Appeals, Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the US Court of International trade-Congress created Legislative Courts (territorial courts, tax courts, Armed forces)

Answer 5

Constitutional courts

Question 6

• Judiciary Act of 1789

- Serve as trial courts at the federal level

Answer 6

District Courts

Question 7

• Created in 1891 to help lessen the work load of the Supreme Court
  
  • Decide appeals from US district courts and review decisions of

Answer 7

Court of Appeals

Question 8

-13 US Court of Appeals

Answer 8

federal agencies

Question 9

SCOTUS

Answer 9

• Only court created directly by the Constitution
• final authority in dealing with all questions arising from the Constitution, federal law, treaties
• Most cases are on appeal from the district and appellate courts of the federal judicial system
• Cases can come from state supreme courts
• May hear cases of original jurisdiction if the cases involve representatives of a foreign government
• Decisions have string impact on social, economic, and politics
• Congress establishes the size of the Supreme Court having the power to change the size of the court
• Current size in 9 justices (8 associate justices and one chief)-nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate

Question 10

The President appoints federal judges with Senate confirmation (no formal qualifications)

• Serve during “good behavior” for life (free from political pressure)
• May be removed or impeached

Answer 10

Senate confirmation

Question 11

Department of Justice and White House staff handles most nominations

Answer 11

Lower Courts

Question 12

practice of allowing individual senators who represent the state where the district is located to approve or disapprove nominees

Answer 12

-Senatorial courtesy

Question 13

President only makes appointments when there in a vacancy, he will consider:

Answer 13

• Party Affiliation
  - Judicial philosophy
  - Judicial Experience
• race, gender, religion, region-may balance the court to satisfy segments of society
• Litmus test-test of ideological purity toward a liberal or conservative stand on issues
• Acceptability-noncontroversial and acceptable to members of the judiciary committee
  
  • American Bar Association, Interest groups, Justices endorsements

Question 14

Few have been minorities and women

Answer 14

Thurgood Marshall-1st African American (LBJ)

	- Sandra Day O’Connor-1st woman (Ronald Reagan)
	- Sonia Sotomayor-1st Hispanic (Barak Obama