Judicial Branch

Question 1

concurrent jurisdiction

Answer 1

both federal and state courts have jurisdiction

Question 2

original jurisdiction

Answer 2

the court in which a case is originally tried

Question 3

appellate jurisdiction

Answer 3

a court or place where people can appeal their case

Question 4

litigants

Answer 4

people engaged in a lwasuit

Question 5

due process clause

Answer 5

people cannot be deprived of their rights without a trial

Question 6

grand jury

Answer 6

a jury of 16 to 23 people, works with prosecutor

Question 7

indictment

Answer 7

a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime

Question 8

petit jury

Answer 8

6-12 people

Question 9

judicial circuits

Answer 9

12 judicial regions each with one appellate court

Question 10

senatorial courtesy

Answer 10

a president submits the name of a judicial candidate to the senators before submitting it to the senate

Question 11

riding the circuit

Answer 11

justices travel to hold court within their region

Question 12

writ of certiorari

Answer 12

an order from the Court to lower courts to send documents up for review

Question 13

per curiam

Answer 13

a brief, unsigned statement of the court’s decision

Question 14

brief

Answer 14

written arguments and facts from the attorney

Question 15

amicus curiae

Answer 15

friends of the court who have a unique or informed view

Question 16

majority opinion

Answer 16

view of the majority decision

Question 17

dissenting opinion

Answer 17

opinion of the justices on the losing side

Question 18

stare decisis

Answer 18

ruling based off of precedent

Question 19

blocs

Answer 19

liberal and conservative, groups. Comes down to swing votes

Question 20

Marbury v. Madison

Answer 20

established judicial review

Question 21

McCulloch v. Maryland

Answer 21

federal government is “supreme in its sphere of action”

Question 22

Gibbons v. Ogden

Answer 22

Established states could not control interstate commerce

Question 23

Plessy v. Ferguson

Answer 23

established separate but equal;

Question 24

Four Legal Principles

Answer 24

a. Equal Justice Under the Lw
b. Due Process
c. Adversary System of Justice
d. Presumed Innocence

Question 25

substantive due process

Answer 25

federal courts protect fundamental rights

Question 26

procedural due process

Answer 26

government must give notice before violating someone’s rights

Question 27

Adversary System of Justice

Answer 27

Defense attorney vs. Prosecutor

Question 28

trial jury

Answer 28

picked by judge

Question 29

tort

Answer 29

law on a civilian basis, such as assault, nuisance or intentional infliction of emotional distress