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U.S. History Basics > Judicial > Flashcards

Judicial Flashcards

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0
Q

Can a U.S. Supreme Court ruling be appealed?

A

No

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1
Q

Can a U.S. Supreme Court Justice be impeached?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Are federal judges ever elected?

A

No

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3
Q

How many people serve on the U.S. Supreme Court?

A

9

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4
Q

Are district courts part of the federal court system?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What does the Judicial Branch of government do?

A

Interprets laws

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6
Q

How do superior court judges in California get their jobs?

A

By county elections, but vacancies are filled by the governor

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7
Q

Cases that involve the Constitution are handled by which court system…federal or state?

A

Federal

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8
Q

What court case gave people a guarantee of rights if they are arrested?

A

Miranda v. Arizona (1966)

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9
Q

What actions can the circuit court of appeals take on a case?

A
  1. May approve the district court’s decision
  2. May reverse the district court’s decision
  3. May order a new trial at the district court level
  4. May pass the case onto the U.S. Supreme Court
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10
Q

A party defending against a law is called the __________.

A

Defendant

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11
Q

What are the 4 ways for a case to reach the U.S. Supreme Court?

A
  1. State Supreme Court
  2. Circuit Court of Appeals
  3. Court of Claims
  4. U.S. Court of Customs and Patent Appeals
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12
Q

Can the U.S. Supreme Court rule that a law is not constitutional?

A

Yes

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13
Q

A party who starts a lawsuit is called the __________.

A

Plaintiff

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14
Q

What is a minor crime called?

A

A misdemeanor

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15
Q

How do we decide how many district courts a state will have?

A

By the population of the state

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16
Q

There are 2 types of court cases, what are they?

A

Criminal and civil

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17
Q

What is a “brief” in a court case?

A

A written argument

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18
Q

What is the highest court in the land?

A

The United States Supreme Court

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19
Q

Is there a jury on U.S. Supreme Court cases?

A

No

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20
Q

When a U.S. Supreme Court Justice agrees with a decision, but not necessarily with the reasons for that decision, he may write a __________ opinion.

A

Concurring or majority

21
Q

How do Supreme Court justices get their jobs?

A
  1. Appointed by the President

2. Approved by the Senate

22
Q

A party appealing a court decision is known as the __________.

A

Appellant

23
Q

What is the supreme law of the land?

A

The U.S. Constitution

24
Q

What are the people who serve under the Chief Justice called?

A

Associate Justices

25
Q

What is the minimum number of district courts a state must have?

A

1

26
Q

What is a serious crime called?

A

A felony

27
Q

How long does a U.S. Supreme Court Justice serve for?

A

Life or until retirement

28
Q

How do district judges get their jobs?

A
  1. Appointed by the President

2. Approved by the Senate

29
Q

For judicial purposes, the United States and its protectorates are divided into __________ circuits.

A

13

30
Q

If a person had a claim against the U.S. government, what court would hear the case?

A

Court of Claims

31
Q

Who presides over the U.S. Supreme Court? (Name the position.)

A

Chief Justice

32
Q

How many votes form a majority in the U.S. Supreme Court?

A

5

33
Q

The U.S. Supreme Court decides cases by a __________ majority vote.

A

Simple

34
Q

Our court system is derived from another country–what country?

A

England

35
Q

A superior court is part of the federal court system. True or false?

A

False

36
Q

How many women currently serve in the U.S. Supreme Court and what are their names?

A

3–
Ruth Bader Ginsburg
Sonia Sotomayor
Elena Kagan

37
Q

What court would handle simple misdemeanor cases (traffic citations, etc.) in California?

A

The superior court

38
Q

What court case established the power of the U.S. Supreme Court to review laws and compare them to Constitutional rights?

A

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

39
Q

When a U.S. Supreme Court Justice disagrees with a court decision, he or she may write a __________.

A

Dissenting opinion

40
Q

What court case established the “separate but equal” policy that maintained segregation in some state public education facilities?

A

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

41
Q

What court case gave women the right to an abortion if they choose that?

A

Roe v. Wade (1973)

42
Q

What court case overturned the “separate but equal” policy that led to the integration of all schools?

A

Brown v. Topeka Board of Education (1954)

43
Q

The power to establish the lower court system was given to whom?

A

Congress

44
Q

The U.S. is divided into districts for federal courts. How many districts are there?

A

94

45
Q

Who is the current Chief Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court?

A

John Roberts

46
Q

What are two types of jurisdiction the U.S. Supreme Court has on cases?

A

Original and Appellate

47
Q

What does the U.S. Supreme Court set when it rules on a case with original jurisdiction?

A

Precedent

48
Q

What type of jurisdiction allows the U.S. Supreme Court to hear a case never argued in a court of law?

A

Original Jurisdiction

49
Q

What type of jurisdiction allows the U.S. Supreme Court to review a case already heard in a lower court?

A

Appellate Juris

U.S. History Basics (7 decks)

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