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GCSE AQA RS > Judaism Beliefs&Practises > Flashcards

Judaism Beliefs&Practises Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the Shema

A

a jewish prayer affirming the belief in one God
“hear o Israel, the lord is our God. You shall love the lord God with all your heart,soul and might.”

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2
Q

What do Orthadox and unorthadox jews believe. And what do they reject

A

they believe that the creation story in Genesis is the literal truth and that it happened 6000 years ago. They reject scientific theories and evolution.

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3
Q

What is : omnipresent, omniscient, omnipotent and omnibenevolent

A

Omnipresent - Being everywhere always
Omniscient - all knowing
omnipotent - all powerfull
Omnibenevolent - All loving

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4
Q

What do jews believe about evil

A

They believe God a the creator created evil but gave people the choice to decide whats right and wrong Which is free wil

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5
Q

What is the shekinah and where can it be experienced

A

The divine presence of God and it can be experienced in the temple with the priest only

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6
Q

What are 4 Jewish customs and beliefs surrounding death
(give quote)

A
  1. jews believe death is apartof Gods plan and is an inevitable part of life.
  2. Judaism teaches jews to not die alone and that family members must shut the eyes of the dead person.
    3.Jews believe in heaven and sheol (a waiting place were souls are cleansed.
  3. Jews believe they will be judged as soon as they die
    Ecclesiastes 12:7 ‘the dust returns to the ground as it was and life returns to God who bestowed it’
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7
Q

What is the messianic age and what are some Jewish beliefs on the messiah

A

The messianic age is the time of global peace when everyone will want to be closer to God. The Jews believe the Messiah will be a descendant of David chosen by god specifically. Reform Jews reject the idea of a messiah.

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8
Q

what are 3 things that God promised Abraham

A
  1. The promise land
  2. The promise of the descendants
  3. the promise of blessing and redemption
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9
Q

What is within the covenant of Abraham and what was it sealed by

A

That God will offer protection and land to Abraham and his descendants but they must follow the path of God. it is sealed with circumscion.

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10
Q

name 4 Ten comandments given to Moses.

A

1.You shall worship no other God
2. you shall not murder
3. you shall not commit adultery
4.you shall not steal

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11
Q

Why are the 10 commandments important to jews

A

Because the 10 commandments form the basis of the covenant between God and the jews. The terms of the covenant

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12
Q

Why is it important for Jews to pursue justice. What does the torah teach jews about justice. Give quote.

A

For Jews pursuing justice is a sacred duty,it is bringing about what is right and fair according to the law. Jews believe that the Torah was sent by God to help people understand and bring justice in a way that demonstrates mercy. in the Torah it says “but let justice well up like water”

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13
Q

What is tikkun olam how can jews show this

A

tikkun olam is healing the world its important to jews because its seen as an action that draws you closer to God. They can show this by doing:charity work and work that increases social justice.

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14
Q

what is a quote that says you should be kind to others

A

“you shall not take vengance or bear a grudge against your countrymen.”

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15
Q

what does the sanctity of life mean

A

The idea that all life is made holy as it is created and love by God. Normally refers to humans not animals because they were not made in Gods image.

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16
Q

What is pikuach nefesh and how is this important for Jews.
Add a quote.

A

Pikuach nefesh is the obligation to save a life. It emphasises how valuable life is. The principle of this means they are able to ignore some rules of not working in order to save a life.
The talmud says “Do not profit from the blood of your fellow.”

17
Q

What is free will and how is that important for Jews

A

The belief that God gives people the opportunity to make decisions for themselves. Jews believe they should act in a way that pleases God so that he will judge them favourably on judgement day.

18
Q
  1. what is mitzvot. 2.How many mitzvot are there. 3.obeying the mitzvot
A
  1. mitzvot means commandment 2. There are 615 mitzvot. 248 positive mitzvot to represent amount of bones in the body. 365 negative mitzvot to represent amount of days in a year. 3.Following it carefully makes it impossible to disobey God. Helps Jews to use their freewill correctly and make responsible choices that please God.
19
Q

What is the mitzvot between man and God

A

The first 4 of the ten commandments telljews God is the only God and that they should not make images of him or any other God,they shouldn’t misuses his name, and on every Sunday they should rest and worship him. Many of the mitzvot are based on this and on how they improve their relationship with God

20
Q

What is a synagogue,what is the importance of a synagogue and what is a minyan.

A

A synagogue is a jewish place of worship. prayer can be done anywhere but there are certain prayers that can only be done in the presence of a minyan which is a group of 10 adults. The synagogue is important because it forms the centre of the jewish community and it can be used for religious and non religious activities.

21
Q

1.what is the Bimah
2.What is the Aaron Hakodesh
3.What is ner tamid

A
  1. A platform in a synagogue from where the Torah
  2. The holiest part of the synagogue which contains Torah scrolls
  3. A light that is kept Burning in the synagogue above the ark to symbolise Gods presence
22
Q

Differences between orhodox synagogue services and reform synagogue services.

A

Orthodox Jews hold daily services where as reform Jews do not. Men and women are separated in orthodox services whereas they are kept together in reform.In orthodox the person leading the service has his back to the crowd whereas in a reform service they face the congregation.

23
Q

What is the format of Jewish services.

A

Orthodox Jews pray 3 times a day. For the sabbath and daily services a minyan is required. The Amidah is said then closing prayers include the closing Aleinu prayers.

24
Q

What is the Amidah

A

The Amidah is the eighteen blessings prayer. It consists of the first 3 praising God and asking for his mercy. The middle 13 prayers ,6 personal, 6 for the community and 1 that asks God to accept the prayers. The last 3 thank God for giving him the opportunity to serve and worship him.

25
Q

What is the importance of prayer

A

Jews believe it is vital for communicating with God. They believe prayer brings them closer to God.

26
Q

What is shabbat

A

In Jewish literature shabbat is described as a bride or queen. It is celebrated before sunset each Friday to an hour after sunset on Saturday. It is a day of rest and a reminder of the covenant made between God and the jews. the “rest” came from when God created the earth in 6 days and rested on the 7th. “remember the shabbat day and keep it holy.”

27
Q

How do Jews worship at home and do private prayers.

A

Prayers are said 3 times each day either in the home or the synagogue. Jews normally stand to pray and if alone pray silently. The mezzuah is fixed slanted on a Jewish door post its a small box that contains handwritten small Torah scrolls Jews touch it to remind them of Gods laws.

28
Q

What is the tenakh and what does it consist of.

A

its the Jewish sacred scriptures which are the old testaments for Christians (24 books). This consists of The Torah which are the first 5 books of Moses, the Nevi’im which contains Jewish history and expands on the Torah laws and the Ketuvim that is 11 books containing poetry,stories, advice and historical accounts.

29
Q

What is the Talmud (oral law)

A

The Talmud is a combination of the mishnah and Gamara. The mishnah was written in 200 CE in a formation of 6 categories: dietary laws, marriage, divorce and the laws of the Shabbat. The Gamara was brought together in 500 CE as the Mishnah caused much debate and a updated version was required.

30
Q

What is Brit Milah

A

A circumcision ceremony that happens to an 8 day old baby. The babies foreskin is removed and is ended with a festive feast.

31
Q

What is Bar Mitzvah and Bat Mitzvah and how is it celebrated.

A

Bar mitzvah is the coming of age for a boy 13 (son of commandment) and Bat mitzvah is the coming of age for a girl 12 (daughter of commandment).
It is celebrated by both girl and boy reciting parts of the Torah, giving a speech and leading a service.

32
Q

What is the importance of marriage for Jews.

A

Jews believe marriage is a spiritual bond where two souls fuse to become one. They believe marriage is the way of experiencing holiness in everyday life. “a man leaves his mother and father and clings wife, so that they become one flesh.”

33
Q

Explain two symbols used in a Jewish wedding ceremony

A

The ceremony is held under a canopy to symbol the couples home, and the bride circles the groom 7 times which symbolises the groom and bride making space for each other each day of the week.

34
Q

What are some Jewish customs surrounding Death

A

Just before someone dies family members try to visit them so they don’t die alone, the person that is about to die will recite the Shema if able to do so. Family members may tear a bit of their clothes over their heart and they say a blessing.

35
Q

What are the morning periods

A

7 days of intense starting straight after the burial. Mirrors covered, leather shoes not worn and hair is cut off. Then lesser period of 30 days; no music, shave or partying. Then the final 11 month period.

36
Q

What is rosh hashanah and how is it celebrated

A

Jewish new year.Jews believe God weighs up there good and bad deeds and judges them accordingly.A day before preparations similar to Shabbat are made. During the festival Jews try to do charitable and social work.

37
Q

What is Yom kippur and how is it celebrated

A

A day of fasting on the tenth day of Rosh hashanah. considered to be the mot important day in the jewish calendar. They pray for their sins to be forgiven and to restore the relationship they have with God. No work is done, Jews fast, there is no bathing and sex. Jews where white as a symbol of purity. Isaiah speaks of sins becoming “white” like snow

38
Q

What is pesach and how is it important to jews

A

Passover festival in remembrance of the Jewish exodus. Its important for Jews because it celebrates the Jewish freedom from slavery and being Gods chosen people. God commanded Jews to celebrate this by eating unleavened bread.

GCSE AQA RS (2 decks)

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