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Religions of the Globe > Judaism and Christianity > Flashcards

Judaism and Christianity Flashcards

1
Q

Community center for prayer and study of Torah; the building in which community meets for these activities

A

Synagogue

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2
Q

Judaism of the post-biblical pre-modern period (old school Jewish)

A

Rabbinic

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3
Q

Where did God reveal himself?

A

Mt. Sinai

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4
Q

Oral Torah and written commentaries

A

Talmud

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5
Q

the scriptures of Rabbinic Judaism, composed of the Tanak and Talmud (sacred and oral teachings abt. God’s revelation to his people)

A

Dual Torah

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6
Q

(a binding agreement) btwn. God and Israelites promising God’s protection in exchange for their obedience to God’s commandments

A

Covenant

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7
Q

Religious commandments or laws of Talmudic Judaism; God’s 613 commandments

A

Halakkah

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8
Q

God’s commandments requiring deeds of loving kindness

A

Mitzvot

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9
Q

First built by Solomon; place in Jerusalem where the people Israel worshipped

A

Temple

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10
Q

One God

A

Monotheistic

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11
Q

the written Torah, or Hebrew Bible (Torah And Neni’im And Kethuuim

A

Tanak

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12
Q

What are the Five Books of Moses?

A

Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy

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13
Q

Wealthier off-branch; exclusive to Jerusalem; only believed in the Five Books of Moses; all abt. sacrifices in Jerusalem temple

A

Sadducees

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14
Q

off-branch; teachers in Synagogues; believed in Tanak, 5Moses, and practicing oral traditions; temple sacrifices + Torah and Oral Torah (Mishna)

A

Phraises

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15
Q

Dispersion of a religious people outside their geographic homeland

A

Diaspora

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16
Q

non-Jew

A

Gentile

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17
Q

hostile off-branch of Judaism towards Gentiles and Sadduccees; fought Romans in the name of God

A

Zealots

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18
Q

writings that form the core of the Talmud

A

Mishnah

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19
Q

commentary on Mishnah + part of Talmud

A

Gemara

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20
Q

rite of passage for Jewish boys to become full members of Judaism; bat [ ] for girls

A

Bar mitzvah

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21
Q

garments w/ fringes to remind Jewish men of covenant

A

Tzitzit

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22
Q

small leather boxes used to wrap scripture on self before prayer

A

Tefillin

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23
Q

New years; synagogue service, self-examination

A

Rosh hashanah

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24
Q

a day of fasting + repentance (J)

A

Yom kippur

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25
Q

8-day festival; symbolizes hope and God’s love

A

Hanukkah

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26
Q

Jewish mystical tradition

A

Kabbalah

27
Q

intense mystics w/ intense practice; ritual bath purification

A

Essenes

28
Q

day of rest on Saturday

A

Shabbot

29
Q

ritual bath

A

Micvah

30
Q

Jews who don’t accept legitimacy of Oral Torah

A

Karaite

31
Q

P.S. Jewish exile was blamed on the sins of Jacob

A
32
Q

written in twelfth century; mainly detailed Torah commentary to find ‘deep truths’ (remember the Torah panties thing?)

A

Zohar

32
Q

to say a paradox when trying to explain spiritual experiences

A

Apophasis

33
Q

True God; without boundaries

A

Ein sof

34
Q

title Christians apply to Jesus of Nazareth; from Greek translation of Hebrew word meaning ‘messiah’

A

Christ

35
Q

Christian subtype that focused heavily on guilt, relationship w God, rituals and had bishops and pope (hierarchy); priesthood

A

Catholic

36
Q

Adam and Eve’s fruit; their sin depended on all of mankind’s miracle post-sin

A

Original sin

37
Q

Occurs whenever humans live in accord w/ God’s will

A

Kingdom of God/Kingdom of Heaven

38
Q

churches that emphasize direct and personal relationship w God in Christ as necessary for salvation over ritualism and priesthood

A

Protestantism

39
Q

the most conservative wing of Evangelical protestants; believes modern science threatens Gospel truths

A

Fundamentalists

40
Q

Liberal wing of Evangelical movement; embraced modern science and progress as promoting goals of Kingdom and God on Earth

A

Modernists

41
Q

literally “good news” refers to Jesus’ message of salvation in New Testament

A

Gospel

42
Q

Jesus’s relative; was out in the woods baptizing ppl then got murdered for preaching Jesus’ words

A

John the Baptist

43
Q

belief that Jesus’ll return @ end of time to estabish new heaven and new Earth

A

Second Coming

44
Q

animal feeding troth (symbolism of his body being used for food; destroyed for benefit of others)

A

Manger

45
Q

babies bound in cloth to stop them from moving; Jesus wrapped in cloth as parallel to Joseph wrapping him in cloth post-mortem

A

Swaddling cloth

46
Q

Mary being conceived in her mother’s womb w/o the stain of original sin

A

Immaculate conception

47
Q

Jesus born miraculously

A

Virgin birth

48
Q

Non-Jewish Christians viewing Jewish ppl as God’s rejected people

A

Supercession/divine rejection

49
Q

Jesus’s title; accoridng to Luke 3:38 Jesus is the “Son of Adam, Son of [ ]”

A

Son of God

50
Q

negative term for believing in doctrines that were viewed as not part of Bible lore; those who threw around that word viewed themselves as more Catholic

A

Heresy

51
Q

God as the Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit; God is one God but one God in three persons

A

Trinity

52
Q

doctrine that Jesus has divine and human nature coexisting but never mixing

A

two natures, one person

53
Q

Under first Christian Roman emperor, Constantine; emperor ruled both church and state; protected Christianity from Roman persecution

A

Constantinople / Constantinian

54
Q

Constantine invited bishops across Mediterranean to agree on solid faith– spend several years arguing before agreeing, all invited to Nicea, Greece

A

Nicene Creed

55
Q

Sidenote: Rome and Byzantine split into Rome and Byzantine Empires 395 CE– this causes Catholic vs. Orthodox churches in Europe

A

Don’t even joke lad…

56
Q

Sidenote: Pope Leo X sells indulgences and is like ‘if you donate to church you’ll get a few years severed off purgatory, which pissed Martin Luther off so he uses printing press to protest this– Catholic church ex-communicates him– Protestantism borne from that

A

Luther o.g. printing press shitposter 1500’s

57
Q

Doctrine that humans are saved by faith as a gift from God rather than thru own will & works of obedience

A

Justification by faith

58
Q

sociologist Max Weber’s observation that capitalism rose up post-rise of Protestantism

A

Protestant Ethic

59
Q

Proving yourself worthy of God to make up for sin

A

Temporal punishment

60
Q

Ways to repair your relationship w/ God thru actions; Catholic-specific

A

Indulgences

61
Q

Luther decides only Bible can guide his life and beliefs; not a Catholic practice; caused emergence of actually reading scripture

A

Sola scriptura

62
Q

idea that God chooses who gets saved and has already decided if you’ll get saved or not; Calvinism

A

Pre-destination

63
Q

Sidenote: MASSIVE Catholic vs. Protestant wars break out over Europe killing ~ >17 million people over course of 1500s and eventually Europeans just settled on agreeing on religious beliefs being a private practice– separation of church and state due to these wars

A

Religions of the Globe (3 decks)

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