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World Religions > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

Shabbat

A

Jewish Sabbath, from Friday at sundown until Saturday at sundown.

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2
Q

Kiddush

A

Ceremonial family blessing and meal friday night to welcome Sabbath

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3
Q

Challah (Hallah)

A

The special braided bread baked specially for the Sabbath meal.

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4
Q

Havdalah

A

family ceremony to mark the end of the Sabbath.

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5
Q

Kashrut

A

(noun) the term which describes the Jewish “kosher” dietary laws.

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6
Q

Kosher

A

(adjective) describes food as fit or proper in Judaism.

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7
Q

Treif (trayf)

A

Means “torn” - describes un-kosher food.

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8
Q

Pareve (parve)

A

describes foods which are considered “neutral.”

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9
Q

Brit Mila (bris)

A

covenant Biblical circumcision for Jewish males.

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10
Q

Bar Mitzvah

A

ceremony where 13-year old Jewish boys become “son of the commandment.”

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11
Q

Bat Mitzvah

A

In Reform Judaism - similar to Bar Mitzvah for 12-year old girls

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12
Q

Halakah

A

means “walk” or “way” - describes the body of Jewish law and practice.

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13
Q

Shema

A

the most sacred prayer in Judaism - repetition in Hebrew of Deuteronomy 6:4-9

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14
Q

Talit (Talis)

A

Jewish “prayer shawl” with colored bands and fringes.

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15
Q

Talit Katan (small Talis)

A

a linen undershirt with fringes worn by some orthodox men

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16
Q

Tzitzit

A

Biblical Hebrew term for “fringe” - the fringes on the Talit prayer shawl

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17
Q

Tefilin (Phylacteries)

A

Small leather prayer boxes bound to the head and arm during prayer.

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18
Q

Mezuza

A

means “doorpost” - a small container with a scripture passage inside.

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19
Q

Kippa (Yarmulke)

A

Jewish “skull cap” worn by males for prayer and sacred occasions.

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20
Q

Shofar

A

Hebrew term for the ram’s horn blown On Rosh Ha-Shannah and holy occasions.

21
Q

Menorah

A

Hebrew term for “lamp” with multiple arms

22
Q

Rosh Ha-Shannah

A

Jewish New Year - the beginning day of the month of fall holidays.

23
Q

Yom Kipper

A

Biblical day of Atonement, a solemn day of fasting in Judaism.

24
Q

High Holy Days

A

Rosh Ha-Shannah, followed by Yom Kipper ten days later

25
Q

Sukkot (Sukkos)

A

Week-long feast of Tabernacles (or Booths) each fall

26
Q

Shemini Atzeret

A

The “eighth” additional holiday right after the seven days of Sukkot

27
Q

Simhat Torah

A

The “Joyful Day of Torah” at the end of the Sukkot Week each fall.

28
Q

Pessah/ Pessach

A

biblical spring festival of Passover (unleavened bread)

29
Q

Seder

A

ritual feast of Passover - the term means “order”

30
Q

Shavuot/ Shavuos

A

the Biblical Feast of Weeks, early summer festival 50 days after Pessah

31
Q

Tisha Be-Av

A

The “Ninth of Av” - summer day of mourning the destruction of the temple.

32
Q

Hanakah/ Chanakah

A

means “dedication” - refers to the Winter “Feast of Dedication”

33
Q

Hanakiah

A

the specific term for the nine-armed Hanakah Menorah

34
Q

Dreidel

A

small, four-sided top which children play with at Hanakah

35
Q

Purim (Lots)

A

The early Spring celebration involving the reading of the story of Esther.

36
Q

Kabalah

A

the term for mystical/ magical Jewish traditions of the middle ages

37
Q

synagogue

A

the Jewish meeting house/ house of worship/ house of assembly

38
Q

Dates for the first temple period

A

1000-586 BC

39
Q

Dates for second temple period

A

587 BC-70 CE

40
Q

What years did Assyria attack Israel? Describe the final attack?

A

732 BC, 724 BC, 701 BC - in 701 BC, over 200,000 people of all twelve tribes were carried away captive. Only about 20,000 remained in Israel.

41
Q

What tribe/ tribes are Jews descended from?

A

All twelve!

42
Q

What year was the first Hanakah?

A

164 BC

43
Q

3 different groups of Jews that came about after 150 BC?

A

Pharisees, Sadduccees, Essene

44
Q

The Messiah?

A

The anointed one, lineage of King David, Independence of Israel, Usher in Redemption era, Reign as king over ISrael,

45
Q

Pharisees

A

Very diverse in religious terms, 2 major schools of thought - Beit Hillel/ Gamliel, Beit Shammai

46
Q

when was Jerusalem destroyed? What were results?

A

70 CE, over 40% of Jews were killed.Only Pharisees survived as Judaism

47
Q

Misneh

A

the “Oral Law” delivered to Moses (not written) Put together in 200 CE, also technically considered to be part of Torrah

48
Q

Gemara

A

Rabis put together their thoughts on the written Misneh after 3 centuries.

49
Q

Talmud

A

Misneh and Gemara together

World Religions (3 decks)

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