Judaism Flashcards
3 things that God has done/will do (Judaism)
- create the universe
- reveal the Torah to guide his people
- Redeem all of His creations at the end of time
Jewish belief of God
Initially, they were monolatrist, but have become monotheistic
Purpose of life (Judaism)
- Obey commandments to gain a place in heaven
- Live out role as God’s chosen, separate oneself
- Usher in the coming of the Messiah
Nature of Heaven (Judaism)
the Torah doesn’t really talk about it, so it’s a non-issue. also kind of perceived as a place where the righteous sit with crowns on their heads and study the Torah with the “Holy One”
TaNaK
the Torah, Prophets (Neviim), and Writings (K’tuvim)
Mishnah
Oral Law or “Oral Torah”
Gemara
Analysis and commentary on the Mishnah
Talmud
Gemara + Mishnah
Midrash
Commentary on any portion of the Tanak
Bar (Bat) mitzvah
First public reading in the synagogue
Chupah
Canopy under which people are married
Shiva
7 days of mourning. No bathing, shaving, perfume, leather shoes, or sex
Tallit
Prayer shawl
Kippah
Head covering
Tefillin
little black boxes filled with parchment (scriptures)
Mezuzah
Little “prayer in your heart” scrolls that people put on door posts
Minyan
Prayer circle. Requires a quorum of ten men
Rosh Hashanah
Jewish New Year. 2-day holiday marked by introspection. “in what ways have I wronged God or others?”
Gematria
Numbers for words
Yom Kippur
Day of Atonement. Most solemn day of the year. They fast (no leather shoes, bathing, sex, etc.) and is the only day that the priest may enter the Holy of Holies
Mikvah
a ritual bath
Sukkot
Feast of Tabernacles
Simhat Torah
“Reveling with the Torah” Only day that ultra-orthodox/orthodox jews may touch the scrolls
Hannukah
Basically only a big deal because it falls around Christmas time. Commemorates when they lit a menorah in the temple and it lasted for 8 days
Hannukiah
a 9 candle stick
Menorah
a 7 candle stick
Tubishvat
New year of the trees. Eat all your fruit and “return to paradise” for one day a year
Purim
Reading the story of Ester and everybody boos when they say Haman’s name. Lots of partying
Passover
eat unleavened bread, salt water with crackers (represents tears in egypt). The center piece of the middle bread is hidden and the kids try to find it.
Shavout (Pentacost)
commemorates Moses bringing the law. Read psalms
Star of david
potentially a symbol for revelation
Kosher
means fit
