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RPE > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

What is Shabbat?

A

Shabbat has its origins in the Torah, and is the day of complete cessation (stopping) of labour.

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2
Q

What is Judaism?

A

An ethnic religion made up of the collective religions, cultural, and legal tradition and civilisation of the Jewish people.

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3
Q

What is monotheism?

A

The belief in one god.

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4
Q

Who decided what labour was forbidden during Shabbat?

A

The Rabbis.

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5
Q

What is the Torah?

A

The law of God as revealed to Moses and recorded in the first five books of the Hebrew Scriptures.

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6
Q

Apart from the cessation of labour, what else do jews do during Shabbat?

A

Festive meals and celebrations.

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7
Q

Most celebrations of Shabbat include preparation before the start of Shabbat. Name 4 things this might include.

A

Lighting of candles
Family meal which include 2 braided loaves of bread known as challah
Prayers
Visits to the synagogue

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8
Q

What is the Tanakh?

A

The Jewish Scriptures comprising the books of law, the prophets, and collected writings.

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9
Q

What are the modern day challenges of observing Shabbat?

A

A jewish person might need to leave work early on Friday as Shabbat begins at sunset on Friday evenings. During winter, sunset can be as early at 3.30pm! Jewish pupils might need to leave school or college early and miss important lessons.

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10
Q

What is Orthodox Judaism?

A

A major Branch within Judaism which teaches strict following of Jewish law and its traditional observances.

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11
Q

Why might Orthodox Jews find observing Shabbat challenging?

A

Because they are expected to turn off all electrical devices such as ovens, dishwashers, lights. They might have to make/prepare meals beforehand.

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12
Q

What is Reform Judaism?

A

A branch of Judaism which has reformed or abandoned aspects of Orthodox Jewish worship and ritual in an attempt to adapt to modern life.

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13
Q

What is the Western Wall?

A

The holiest site where Jews are allowed to pray, behind it lies the foundation stone.

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14
Q

What is a synagogue?

A

A Jewish place of worship.

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15
Q

What is the Foundation Stone?

A

In traditional Jewish sources, it is considered the place from which the creation of the world began.

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16
Q

Name some prohibited activities and tasks during Shabbat. (Avot melakhah).

A

No working
No cooking
No driving
No using the telephone
No laundry
No handling of money

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17
Q

What is Jewish law called?

A

Halakha

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18
Q

What is Pesach? (Passover)

A

Jewish celebration which remembers the Hebrews’ freedom from slavery in Egypt.

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19
Q

What is Seder?

A

A Jewish ritual service and ceremonial dinner for the first night or first two nights of Passover.

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20
Q

What is Melachot?

A

The list of 39 activities that are prohibited on Shabbat.

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21
Q

What is Yom Kippur? (Day of atonement)

A

The holiest day of the year where Jews spend most of the day in the synagogue.

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22
Q

What is Anti-Semitism?

A

Hostility to or prejudice against Jewish people.

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23
Q

What is Jewish deicide?

A

The anti-Semitic belief that the Jewish people were collectively responsible for the death of Jesus.

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24
Q

Where does the word Holocaust come from?

A

Comes from the Greek holos - meaning completely and kaustos meaning burned sacrificial offering.

25
Q

What is persecution?

A

Hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs; oppression.

26
Q

What is Genocide?

A

The deliberate killing of a large number of people from a particular nation or ethnic group with the aim of destroying that nation or group.

27
Q

What is the Holocaust?

A

The genocide of European Jews during WWII, committed by the Nazi’s, killing 6 million Jewish people.

28
Q

How many jewish people were killed during the Holocaust during WW2?

A

About 6 million people and 1.5 million children.

29
Q

What is Holocaust Memorial Day?

A

Holocaust Memorial Day is a national commemoration day in the United Kingdom dedicated to the remembrance of the Jews and others who suffered in the Holocaust, under Nazi persecution.

30
Q

What is Kristallnacht?

A

One night in 1938 were violence across Germany and Austria.
91 Jews were murdered.
Synagogues were burnt.
Shop windows smashed.
20,000 Jewish men rounded up and sent to concentration camps.

31
Q

In 1941, all Jewish people were forced to wear….

A

a yellow Star of David.

32
Q

In 1942, what decision was made at the Wannsee Conference?

A

The Final Solution to the Jewish Problem - to exterminate all Jewish people in Europe.

Concentration camps such as Auschwitz were built. Jewish people were rounded up and sent there to be gassed.

33
Q

In 1944-1945, what were the Death Marches?

A

The Nazi SS guards marched Jewish people to concentration camps. Many died on the way. Many were crammed into camps and died of starvation or disease.

34
Q

Who built the first temple?

A

King Solomon built the first temple.

35
Q

What is Aron Hakodesh in a synagogue?

A

A large cupboard facing Jerusalem. The centrepiece of the synagogue and holds the Torah Scrolls.

36
Q

What year was true First Temple completed?

A

It was completed in 957 BCE.

37
Q

Name the king who looted and destroyed the First Temple…

A

The Babylonian king, Nebuchadnezzar.

38
Q

What is the Ark of the covenant?

A

It is a chest that contained the 10 commandments.

39
Q

Why was David not allowed to build the Temple?

A

Because God said that he shed too much blood.

40
Q

What was the Holy of the Holies?

A

It is a windowless intermost room.

41
Q

Who was allowed into the Holy of the Holies and what did they take with them?

A

The high priest. He brings the blood of a lamb and burning incense.

42
Q

What had happened to the Ark when the Jews returned from Babylon?

A

They rebuilt another temple and the ark disappeared.

43
Q

Why is the Aron Hakodesh important?

A

It’s the holiest part of the synagogue as it symbolises the Ark of the Covenant which held the 10 commandments received by Moses.

44
Q

What is a sefer Torah?

A

Sefer Torah is a copy of the Hebrew text of the Torah handwritten on special types of parchment by using a quill dipped in ink. It is covered with a mantle or cloth that is ornately decorated.

45
Q

What is the Torah?

A

The Torah is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible.

46
Q

What books make up the Torah?

A

Books of:
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy

47
Q

Why is the Torah significant?

A

It contains the Jewish laws on who they should live. It is the word of God and should be treated with great respect.

48
Q

What is the Ner Tamid in a synagogue?

A

The Ner Tamid is situated at the front of the synagogue above the ark.
It would traditionally have been an oil lamp but is often an electric lamp today for convenience. It is continuously kept burning and should not be allowed to go out. The Ner Tamid means eternal light.

49
Q

What is the bimah in a synagogue?

A

The raised platform found in the synagogue where the Torah is read and where some services are delivered.
In most synagogues the bimah is situated at the front, near to the ark and Ner Tamid.

50
Q

What does the Bimah represent?

A

The altar in the Temple.

51
Q

Why are there no images of God or people in a synagogue?

A

Because the Ten Commandments forbids worshipping idols.

52
Q

Orthodox refer to a synagogue as shul, which means….

A

school.

53
Q

Reform Jews refer to a synagogue as….

A

a temple.

54
Q

Orthodox synagogues have ….services a day in Hebrew.

A

Three

55
Q

Why do men wear a kippah and women wear a scarf over their head when they are in a synagogue?

A

To show respect for God.

56
Q

What is a tallit?

A

A tallit is a fringed garment worn as a prayer shawl by religious Jews in a synagogue.

57
Q

Reform synagogues hold services once a week on …

A

Shabbat.

Men and women sit tighter and often musical instruments are played.

58
Q

What does the Aron Hakodesh look like?

A
59
Q

What does the Ner Tamid look like?

A

RPE (4 decks)

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