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Semester 2 Comparative Theology > Judaism > Flashcards

Judaism Flashcards

1
Q

The Torah

A

-The leader of Judaism (no central authority leader)
-Open to interpretation
-has first 5 books of the Tanakh (Pentateuch)
-Tells God’s will
-How to live - circumcision
-Monotheism
-We are created in the image of God

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2
Q

Pentateuch

A

-first 5 books of the Tanakh
-Genesis, exodus, Leviticus, numbers, and Deuteronomy

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3
Q

Genesis

A

-2 accounts of creation: 1) male and female born at the same time, 7th day = saturday. 2) Adam born first, Eve born from his rib. Normal story of Adam and Eve everyone knows.

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4
Q

Exodus

A

-With the mosaic covenant, fleeing pharo with the slaves, parting the red sea, and trip to the holy land.
- Book of Joshua: 2 years to reach the holy land
-Book of Judges: 200 years to reach the holy land

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5
Q

Talmud

A

-Oral Torah
-texts Moses received at the top of Mt. Sanai (Mishna + Gemara)
-

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6
Q

God

A

-Transcendent
-Local/imminent
-Creator
-Revealer
-redeemer

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7
Q

Halakah

A

Legal rulings made by rabbis

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8
Q

Nohide Code

A

-no false idol worship
-don’t curse God
-no murder
-no adultery
- theft
-cruelty to animals

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9
Q

kashrut

A

dietary laws

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10
Q

Tikkunolam

A

God is everything and all powerful
creation is a mistake

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11
Q

Ein Sof

A

explosion, we are little parts now trapped in an upside down worl

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12
Q

Abraham

A

-Wife = Sarah: cranky, problematic, doesn’t want to move to Canaan, no children
-First Challenge: God tells him to move to Canaan, land of flowing milk and honey
-Son with Hagar named Ishmael, not God’s will
-Angel comes and tells Sarah she will have a son, she laughed because she is 90
-Sarah gives birth at 91 to Isaac. They force Hagar and Ishmael to leave
Final Challenge: God tells Abraham to sacrifice Isaac. Stops him last minute

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13
Q

Isaac

A

son of abraham
has 2 sons: Jacob and Esau

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14
Q

Jacob (AKA Israel)

A

12 sons and 1 daughter - 12 tribes of Israel
Start worshipping bulls (Be’al) so family is driven into slavery in Egypt

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15
Q

Moses

A

-Mom put him in a basket on the Nile, and he is found by Pharo’s daughter. Grows up in an Egyptian palace
-Angel of God visits him as a bush in flames, tells him to return to Egypt, and demands that Pharo free the slaves
Pharo doesn’t want to, so God sends a series of punishments (1st born sons killed, diseases) so Pharo frees them
-Pharo changes his mind and chases after them. Moses parts the red sea and the Egyptians are killed.
-Violate the covenant many times so God purposely gets them lost, took 5 years.
-Gets 10 commandments on Mt. Sinai

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16
Q

Holy Land

A

-ruled by Saul, David (Israels greatest king), and Solomon (built the first temple)
-North - Israel: Do not trust God, God sends assyrian army to destroy them and enslave the people
-South - Judah: Trust God, defeat assyrian army, start practicing polytheism, Babylonians invade and defeat them, destroying Solomon’s temple and enslaves them

17
Q

Diaspora

A

Jewish forced exile, forced migration with a feeling/longing to return

18
Q

Prophets

A

appear at various parts of the zion (romantic understanding of the holy land) to explain why diaspora is happening to them

19
Q

List of rulers

A

Persians grant Jews freedom and build a second temple –> polytheism was practiced again, so God sends Greeks, and greeks make them bring polytheism into the temple –> Maccabean revolt pushed the greeks out –> Polytheism brings Romans who persecuted Jews, forced them to live in ghettos

20
Q

Apocalypticism

A

end of the world, concerned with increasing punishments by God. The Book of Daniel claims apocalypse

21
Q

Role of God

A

-monotheism: one God
-covenant with the Jews
-Ehyeh: “I AM” –> response to Moses
-HYWH: unpronounceable name, God is beyond us and language, can’t capture God in name
-break covenant = God sends punishment
-we are created in the image of God

22
Q

Tanakh

A

Hebrew bible
3 parts: Torah, Nevi’im, Kethurim

23
Q

Nevi’im

A

Prophetic books
message is monotheism
prophet - human who receives message from God and shares it

24
Q

Kethurim

A

-“the writings”
-darkest part of the bible
-written for people who lost hope in diaspora
-apocalyptic literature

25
Q

Halakhah

A

-jewish legal code
-what is and is not permitted
-what is kosher and not
-made by rabbis
-Noahide code
Kushrut: dietary laws of Halakhah

26
Q

Mishna

A

“Oral torah”
only rabbis know
agriculture, festivals, sabbath day, dress code, dietary restrictions

27
Q

Midrash

A

-studying text
-finding wisdom to help us live in the present
2 bodies of literature:
1. Halakhah: Jewish Legal code
2. Haggadah: Theological rituals

28
Q

Minyan

A

10 men minimum for mass to take place

29
Q

Dietary Code

A

Kosher is permitted:
- Warm-blooded animals with cloven
hooves
-“chew the cud” - cows, sheep, goats
-Most poultry - chicken, geese, duck
-fish w fins and scales - trout, salmon,
cod
Prohibited:
-pigs (pork)
-crustaceans/shellfish - prawns,
oysters, lobster, crabs
-Birds of prey/scavenger birds: eagles,
hawks, bats
-Blood - must soak in water and salt
scrub
-no mixing meat and dairy

30
Q

Butcher Laws

A

freshly sharpened blade, one clean slit to the neck, supervised by a rabbi

31
Q

Sabbath

A

sundown Friday to sundown Saturday, day of rest

32
Q

Synagogue

A

public meeting place, not just used for worship

33
Q

Rosh hashanah

A

new years day, changes every year
-10 days of awe, Rom Kippur (10 days of atonement), sukkot (harvest festival), Hanukkah, Pesach (Passover)

34
Q

Life Cycle Rituals

A

-Brit Milah - 8th-day male circumcision
-Bar Mitzvah - 13 years old, becomes the Minyan
-Bat Mitzvah - daughter of commandments (only reformed Judaism)

35
Q

Sephardic Judaism

A

Jews living under Islamic control, seen as relatives, had to pay special tax to practice judaism
-Kabbalan

36
Q

Kabbalan

A

The divinity known as Ein Sof, created a black hole and all pieces (us) went into it. Humanity created from a tragedy

37
Q

Ashkenazi Judaism

A

Romans continued to persecute Jews, restrictive laws, and wrote out legal guarantees
-European enlightenment made Jews anticipate better life
-Haskalah: Jewish Enlightenment, results in formation of reformed Judaism

38
Q

Reformed Judaism

A

Modernized Judaism
backlash with Orthodox Jews
women’s rights, Torah in English, Bat Mitzvah’s, more flexible with sabbath day performance

39
Q

Orthodox Jews

A

conservative, strict reading of Torah, keep all traditions

Semester 2 Comparative Theology (3 decks)

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