Joints of Vertebral Column Flashcards
Anulus Fibrosus
A ring consisting of fibrocartilage forming the circumference of the IV disk.
Nucleus pulposus
Central core of IV disc. 85% water at birth and dehydrates with age. Later in age it is posteriorly placed. No IV disc between C1 and C2.
Uncovertebral ‘joints’
Located between the uncus of the bodies of the C3-C6 vertebrae and the beveled inferolateral surfaces of the vertebral bodies superior to them. Covered with cartilage and contain capsures filled with fluid. Frequent sites of spur formation that cause neck pain.
Anterior longitudinal ligament
fibrous band that covers and connects the anterolateral aspects of vertebral bodies and IV disks. Maintains the stability of the IV joints and limits extension of the vertebral column.
Posterior longitudinal ligament
narrower and weaker than anterior longitudinal ligament. Runs with the vertebral canal along the posterior aspect of the vertebral bodies. Attached mainly to IV disks. Innvervated with nociceptive (pain) nerve endings. Helps prevent hyperflexion of the vertebral column and posterior herniation of IV disks.
Zygapophysial joints (facet joints)
Joints of vertebral arches. Synovial articulations. Each joint is surrounded by a thin, loose joint (articular) capsule.
Ligamenta flava
Yellow elastic fibrous tissue, joins the laminae of adjacent vertebral arches. Extends almost vertically from the lamina above to the lamina below. Resist separation of the vertebral laminae. Prevents injury to IV disks.
Atlanto-occipital joints
Between the lateral masses of C1 and the occipital condyles. Permits nodding of the head and tilting.
Antlanto-axial joints
There are three articulations, left right and medial. Between the dens of C2 and the anterior arch and transverse ligament of the atlas. Permit turning the head from side to side.
