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biology 2401 > Joints; chap. 9 > Flashcards

Joints; chap. 9 Flashcards

1
Q

define articulation

A

where two/more bones meet

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2
Q

classification of movement

synarthrotic

A

immovable (skull plates)

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3
Q

class. of movement

amphiarthrotic

A

slightly moveable (forearm and wrist)

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4
Q

class. of movement

diartrotic

A

free moving (hip or shoulder)

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5
Q

describe fibrous tissue

A

dense connective tissue

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6
Q

three types of fibrous tissue

A

syndesmosis
suture
gomphosis

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7
Q

syndesmosis

A

slight twisting

ex. tibiofibular

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8
Q

suture

A

immovable ligaments, i.e. skull bones

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9
Q

gomphosis

A

bony process into process;

ex. tooth held w/ ligament to bone

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10
Q

symphysis

A

pads or covers

ex. intervertebral disk

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11
Q

what is synovial

A

describes free moving structure?

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12
Q

structure of synovial

A

bone

joint capsule

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13
Q

3 types of bone (structure?)

A

articular cartilage
subchondral plate- surface compact bone
spongy bone-deep

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14
Q

describe joint capsule structure

A

tube-like connection

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15
Q

outer dense fibrous connective tissue

A

joint capsule

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16
Q

inner loose connective tissue- synovial membrane

A

joint capsule

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17
Q

2 traits of inner loose connective tissue

A

synovial cavity

synovial fluid-for lubrication

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18
Q

what is bursae?

A

fluid filled sacs?

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19
Q

what is villi

A

support and includes SA (microscopic folds) indenting into joint

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20
Q

what is menisci

A

divisions (raised surface on outer edge; helps keep bone in the joint)

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21
Q

ligaments

A

dense fibrous connective tissue that is collagenous

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22
Q

fibers are known as

A

internal and external

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23
Q

function of fibers

A

shock absortion

fat storage

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24
Q

synovial joint

another name for ball and socket joint

A

spheroidal

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25
synovial joint | ex. of ball and socket
hip and shoulder
26
synovial joint | ball and socket- how much motion?
widest range- all planes and rotational
27
synovial joint | condyloid joint- another name
ellipsoidal
28
synovial joint | condyloid joint ex.
metacarpals, metatarsals | phalanges
29
synovial joint | movement of condyloid
different planes
30
synovial joint describe condyloid hint- combination of both names
ovoid condyle to elliptical cavity
31
synovial joint | gliding joint example
carpal/metacarpal | tarsal/metatarsal
32
synovial joint | another name of gliding joint
arthrodial
33
synovial joint | describe gliding joint
nearly flat or slightly curved
34
synovial joint hinge joint; another name hint- think of tonic and ethanol and local trucking
ginglymodial
35
synovial joint | describe hinge joint
convex to concave | troclear notch
36
synovial joint | movement of hinge joint
one plane
37
synovial joint | examples of hinge joint
elbow knee ankle (tibofibulotarsal)
38
synovial joint | describe pivot joint
cylindrical within rings
39
synovial joint | describe movement of pivot joint
rotation on central axis
40
synovial joint | another term for pivot joint
trochoidal
41
synovial joint | ex. of pivot joint
atlas/axis | radius/ulna
42
synovial joint | saddle joint- another term
sellar | skull?
43
synovial joint | describe saddle joint
both concave and convex
44
synovial joint | describe movement of saddle joint
variety of motion
45
synovial joint | example of saddle joint
thumb
46
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | cartilage tears
menisci and articular cartilage
47
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | sprains
stretching and tearing of ligaments
48
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | dislocation
bones are forced out of alignment or out of socket
49
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | bursitis
inflammation of bursa
50
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | tendonitis
inflammation of tendon sheath
51
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | arthritis
inflammation of degeneration of joint
52
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | osteoarthritis
breakdown of articular cartilage
53
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | rheumatoid
joint tenderness and stiffness
54
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | gouty
accumulation of uric acid crystals- abrasion
55
Clinical Application Disorders of Joints: | lyme disease
bacterial infection
56
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | flexion
decrease angle of joint
57
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | extension
increase angle of joint- straighten
58
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | hyperextension
excessive extension (> 180 degrees)
59
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | dorsiflexion
bending the foot upward
60
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | plantar flexion
bending the foot downward
61
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | abduction
moving away from the midline
62
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | adduction
moving toward the midline
63
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | rotation
moving around an axis | arm or head side to side?
64
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | cirucumduction
moving one end in a circular motion
65
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | supination
turning the palm upward
66
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | pronation
turning the palm downward
67
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | eversion
turning the sole of the foot outward
68
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | inversion
turning the sole of the foot inward
69
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | protraction
pushing outward-away from the body
70
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | retraction
pulling inward- toward the body
71
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | elevation
lifting upward; jaw or shoulders
72
Types of joint movement (vocabulary) | depression
lowering; jaw or shoulders

biology 2401 (3 decks)

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