joints and lymph nodes Flashcards
Superficial cervical fascia
between the dermis and deep fascia; contains the platysma muscle
Deep cervical fascia
includes Superficial (investing) layer (lamina), Carotid sheath, Prevertebral fascia, Pretracheal (visceral) fascia (lamina)
Superficial (investing) layer (lamina)
extends from the mastoid & mandible to the clavicle & acromion, and from the ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes to the midline; surrounds the trapezius, SCM and inferior portion of the parotid gland; continuous with remainder of the parotid fascia
Carotid sheath
surrounds the common & internal carotid a., internal jugular v. and the vagus n.
Prevertebral fascia
extends lateral & anterior to levator scapulae, longus colli & capitis, and scalene muscles to form the floor of the posterior triangle; from base of skull to mediastinum; continuous with axillary sheath and anterior longitudinal ligament; defines the posterior boundary of the retropharyngeal space
Pretracheal (visceral) fascia (lamina)
surrounds the infrahyoid muscles, thyroid gland, esophagus and trachea; continuous with the buccopharyngeal fascia
Pharyngobasilar fascia
internal epimysium of the constrictor muscles; extends from the base of the skull (pharyngeal tubercle) to the pterygomandibular raphe & pharyngeal raphe
Buccopharyngeal fascia
external epimysium of the constrictor muscles; continuous with the pretracheal fascia
Atlanto-occipital joint
synovial classification- ellipsoidal, flexion/ extension, slight lateral flexion
Median atlanto-axial joint
synovial classification- pivot, rotation
Lateral atlanto-axial joint
synovial classification- plane or gliding, rotation
Intervertebral joint
symphysis
Zygapophysial (facet) joint
synovial classification- plane or gliding
Temporomandibular joint
Upper compartment synovial classification- plane or gliding Lower compartment synovial classification- hinge or ginglymus
Ligamentum nuchae (Fr. nuque, back of neck)
attachments- from C7 spinous process to external occipital protuberance with slips to intervening spinous processes function- attachment for cervical muscles
Transverse (cruciate) of atlas ligament
attachments- from lateral mass to lateral mass of atlas function- maintains articulation between dens and anterior arch of the atlas
Tectorial membrane [L. an overlying surface] ligament
attachments- from the posterior surface of axial body to anterior margin of the foramen magnum function- supports atlanto-occipital & atlanto-axial joints, is continuous with posterior longitudinal ligament
Alar (check) ligament
attachments- from dens to medial aspect of the occipital condyles function- limits rotation of the median atlanto-axial joint
Anterior atlanto-occipital membrane ligament
attachments- from anterior arch of the atlas to the adjacent occipital bone function- supports atlanto-occipital joints & helps to limit extension of the head, is continuous with anterior longitudinal ligament
Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane ligament
attachments- from posterior arch of the atlas to the adjacent occipital bone function- supports atlanto-occipital joints, is continuous with ligamentum flavum
Lateral temporomandibular ligament
attachments- from zygomatic process of temporal bone to mandibular neck function- supports joint capsule in maintaining articulation, & helps to limit depression & retraction
Stylomandibular lig.
attachments- from apex of styloid process to angle of mandible
Stylohyoid ligament
attachments- from apex of styloid process to lesser cornu of hyoid
Pterygomandibular raphe ligament
attachments- from pterygoid hamulus to posterior mylohyoid line
