Joints Flashcards
What are the three types of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
what are the two types of fibrous joints?
Synarthroses - sutures are immobile (skull plate)
Syndesmoses - slightly movable and connected by ligaments
What are the two types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondroses - contain hyaline cartilage
Symphyses - contain fibrocartilage
What is inside a synovial joint and what are the 6 types of synovial joints
Contain a space filled with synovial fluid
Hinge, ball and socket, condyloid, pivot, plane, saddle
Compare the differences between a synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis and diarthrosis joint.
Synarthrosis - don’t move at all (Synarthoses Joints)
Amphiarthrosis - slight movement (Syndesmoses, synchondroses and symphyses joints)
Diarthrosis - freely movable (Synovial joints)
Where is synovial fluid produced
in the synovial membrane
How is synovial fluid moved within a diarthrodial joint?
Through compression of the joint capsule when the joint is loaded during cyclic loading.
How is nutrients moved in and out of a joint?
Through compression and decompression of the joint capsule during cyclic loading.
How is OA triggered without trauma?
Instability of the joint and uneven loading which could be due to confirmation.
What are the four structures of a joint which need to be damaged to create lameness?
Joint capsule
subchondral bone
ligaments
synovial membrane
what are ligaments made from?
A tough fibrous band of dense regular connective tissue that connects bone to bone
function of ligaments in relation to joints
They strengthen joints and prevent joints from twisting but allow slight movement for shock absorption.
how to ligaments heal?
Ligaments heal through scaring which alters the biomechanics and overall strength and length of the ligament.
