JOINTS

Question 1

What is Synarthroses, Diarthroses, and Amphiarthroses

Answer 1

Synarthroses - immoble (skull sutures)
Amphiarthroses - barely moveable (pelvic symphasis)
Diarthroses - freely very mobile (knee joint)

Question 2

True or False: All synovial joints are considered diarthroses.

Answer 2

True; synovial joints are freely moving so they are considered diarthroses

Question 3

The ___________________ space is filled with synovial fluid.

Answer 3

Joint cavity

Question 4

What are joints?

Answer 4

When two or more bones are held together by CT

Question 5

What type of tissue are ligaments, cell type, fibers of their matrix, location in joints, and major functuin

Answer 5

Ligaments are Dense regular CT with fibroblast cells. They consist in a collagen fiber matrix in tendons. They attach muscle and bone together

Question 6

What is Hyaline Cartliage?

Answer 6

Hyaline cartilage consists of chondrocytes in a collagen matrix, usually located on the surface of synovial joints. Hyaline function resists compression and protects joint surface

Question 7

What is Fibrocartilage?

Answer 7

Fibrocartilage consists of chondrocytes in a collagen matrix, usually located is fibrous joints like the pubic symphasis and articular disks. Fibrocartilage functions in absorbing compression ad tensile strength

Question 8

Which of the following structure(s) will cover the inner surfaces of a joint cavity? Choose all that apply
A) Articular cartilage
B) Reinforcing ligament
C) Nervous tissue
D) Synovial membrane

Answer 8

A) Articular Cartilage and D) Synovial membrane

Question 9

Many neurons of joints help to inform the brain about the activity of the joint, including pain or position of the joint. These types of neurons are classified as _____________________ neurons.

Answer 9

Afferent SOMATIC (SAme)

Question 10

Which of the following types of tissue contains chondrocytes?

Answer 10

Fibrocartilage and Hyaline Cartilage

Question 11

Which of the following joints will have a synovial membrane?

Answer 11

Diathroses

Question 12

Which of the following diseases is caused by direct damage to articular cartilage, as a result of aging and wear and tear?
A) Osteoarthritis
B) Rheumatoid arthritis
C) Gout
D) Bursitis

Answer 12

A) Osetoarthritis

Question 13

What is Gout and it’s symptoms?

Answer 13

Urate crystals accumulate in joint cavity due to high levels in blood resulting in sudden attacks of sharp pai in joints

Question 14

In Rheumatoid arthritis, what does the body attack?

Answer 14

It’s own synovial membrane causing inflamation of the joints

Question 15

Which of the following structures assist with joint function by reducing friction and providing cushion?

Answer 15

Fat pads and synovial fluids

Question 16

Why does damage to fibrocartilaginous articular disks (like the menisci of the knee) typically take a very long time to heal and may possibly even require surgery?

Answer 16

Articular disks are avascular and depend on diffusion to receive nutrient

Question 17

A syndesmosis is a type of joint where two bones are held together by tight ligaments. One example is the interosseous membrane, a ligament that connects the shafts of the two bones of the forearm (radius and ulna). This connection allows limited movement between the forearm bones. What type of joint would this be classified as?

Answer 17

Amphiarthroses

Question 18

The temperomandibular joint (TMJ) is a joint between the skull and the mandible (jaw bone). This joint contains an articular disk within the joint cavity between the two bones. What type of joint would this be classified as?

Answer 18

Diathroses because it is a synovial joint

Question 19

True or False: Blood vessels enter the joint cavity

Answer 19

False

Question 20

What is Collateral Circulation around joints?

Answer 20

a network of blood vessels that provides multiple paths for blood to flow around a joint

Question 21

What structural classification is an ephiphyseal plate?
(Assume that growth is still occurring.)

Answer 21

Cartilage

Question 22

The menisci are C-shaped fibrocartilaginous pads in the knee joint cavity. The outer edge of the menisci are attached to the synovial membrane. Which meniscal injury would be more likely to heal on its own without surgery?

Answer 22

Closer to the menisci edge