Joints

Question 1

Classification of joints

Answer 1

movement and type of tissue that bonds the joints together

Question 2

Synarthrotic

Answer 2

not movable

Question 3

Diarthrotic

Answer 3

freely movable

Question 4

Amphiarthrotic

Answer 4

slightly movable

Question 5

Fibrous joints

Answer 5

Are held together by dense fibrous connective tissue. Three types: syndesmosis, gomphosis, and sutures

Question 6

Cartilagenous joints

Answer 6

Are held together by a layer of cartilage. Two types: synchondrosis and symphysis

Question 7

Synovial joints

Answer 7

are diarthrotic and characterized by a joint capsule, articular cartilage, and synovial membranes

Question 8

Sutures

Answer 8

flat bones bonded by a thin layer of fibrous connective tissue. Can be found in the skull

Question 9

Syndesmosis

Answer 9

bones that are bound by long fibers of connective tissue/ligaments. Can be found in the tibia and fibula

Question 10

Gomphosis

Answer 10

cone shaped bone process that fits into a cone shaped bone process. Can be found in the jaw/teeth

Question 11

Symphysis

Answer 11

articular surfaces are covered by hyaline cartilage and attached to a pad of fibrocartilage. Can be found in the pubis symphysis of the pelvic bone

Question 12

Synchondrosis

Answer 12

when hyaline cartilage model is replaced through growth. Can be found in the first rib and manubrium

Question 13

Synovial joint types

Answer 13

Ball and socket, condyle, hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle

Question 14

Ball and socket

Answer 14

head of a bone fits into a cup shaped cavity. Found in the shoulder (glenoid cavity and humerus) and pelvis (acetabulum and femur)

Question 15

Hinge joints

Answer 15

Moves in one plane only. Found in the elbows, knees, fingers, and toes

Question 16

Gliding joints

Answer 16

one joint slides over the other, moves back and forth only. Artiuclar surfaces are usually flat. Include the tarsals and carpals

Question 17

Saddle joints

Answer 17

Convex and concave bones fit into eachother and are complimentary. Includes the metacarpals of the thumb. Can move on all 4 planes but not in a rotation

Question 18

Pivot joints

Answer 18

a head of one bone rotates in a ring of a bone. Can rotate. Includes the neck, radius, and ulna

Question 19

Condyloid joint

Answer 19

an oval shaped cavity fits into an elliptical cavity. Includes the metacarpals and phalanges.

Question 20

Flexion

Answer 20

acute angle

Question 21

Extension and hyperextension

Answer 21

obtuse angle

Question 22

Dorsiflexion

Answer 22

acute angle on the foot

Question 23

Plantar flexion

Answer 23

obtuse angle on the foot

Question 24

abduction

Answer 24

moving away from the midline of the body

Question 25

adduction

Answer 25

moving closer to the midline of the body

Question 26

pronation

Answer 26

turning downwards

Question 27

supination

Answer 27

turning upwards

Question 28

eversion

Answer 28

toes pointing outward

Question 29

inversion

Answer 29

toes pointing inward

Question 30

circumduction

Answer 30

rotating in a circle

Question 31

retraction

Answer 31

moving backwards

Question 32

protraction

Answer 32

moving forwards

Question 33

Bursae

Answer 33

a sac with fluid that can reduce friction between tissues and bones

Question 34

Menisci

Answer 34

crescent shaped wedges of fibrocartilage that sit in between the tibia and the femur. Near the patella

Question 35

Joint capsule

Answer 35

limits the plane of movement

Question 36

Synovial fluid

Answer 36

nourishes and lubricates the joint

Question 37

Suprapatellar bursae

Answer 37

bursae above the knee

Question 38

Prepatellar bursae

Answer 38

bursae at the knee

Question 39

Infrapatellar bursae

Answer 39

bursae below the knee