Joints Flashcards
What is an articulation
Site where two or more bones meet (joint)
What are the functions of joints
Give skeleton mobility and hold skeleton together
What are the three functional classification of joints and what do they mean
Synarthroses (immovable)
Amphiarthroses (slightly movable)
Diarthroses (Freely movable)
What is the structural classification of joints based on
Material binding bones together and whether or not a joint cavity is present
What is the functional classification of joints based on
The amount of movement allowed by the joint
What are the three structural classifications of joints
Fibrous
Cartilaginous
Synovial
What are the Fibrous joints
- Bones joined by dense fibrous connective tissue
- No joint cavity
- Most are synarthrotic (immovable)
What are the three types of fibrous joints
Sutures, syndesmoses, and gomphoses
What are sutures
- Rigid, interlocking joints containing short connective tissue fibers
- Allow for growth during youth
- In middle age, sutures ossify and are called sunostoses
What are syndesmoses
- Bones connected by ligaments (bands of fibrous joints)
- Movement varies from immovable to slightly movable
- Examples consist of synarthrotic distal tibiofibular joint and the diarthrotic interosseous connection between radius and ulna
What are Gomphoses
- Peg in socket joints of teeth in alveolar sockets
- Fibrous connection is the periodontal ligament
What are cartilaginous joints
- Bones unite by cartilage
- No joint cavity
What are the two types of cartilaginous joints
Synchondroses (together cartilage) and symphyses (together growing)
Describe synchondroses
- A bar or plate of hyaline cartilage that unites the bones
- All are synarthrotic (immovable)
Describe Symphyses
- Hyaline cartilage that covers the articulating surfaces and is fused to an intervening pad of fibrocartilage
- Strong, flexible amphiarthroses (slightly movable)
