Joints Flashcards
joints functions
joints are where two bones meet, provide support and allow or decrease bone movement
bones that fit tightly together=little movement and stronger
loosely fitted joints= range of movements are weaker and prone to dislocation
types of joints
fixed, cartilaginous, synovial, ball and socket, hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle and condyliod
fibrous or fixed joints
- no movement
- incredibly strong
eg. joints, skull
cartilaginous
- limited movement
eg. vertebral discs, between ribs and sternum
synovial or freely moveable
- allow large range of movement
eg. shoulder, hip, knee and elbow
ball and socket
- rounded head of one bone fits into a cup like cavity of another ,allows 360 degrees of range of motion
eg. shoulder or hip
hinge joint
- allows movement in one plane only like a door
- convex surface of one bone fits concave surface of another
eg. elbow and knee
pivot joint
- rounded, pointed or conical end of one bone articulates with a ring formed by a bone and/or ligament
eg. between first and second vertebra allowing the head to rotate
gliding joint
- movement occurs side-to-side or in a back and forth motion, restricted by the ligaments or boney processes around the joint
eg. carpal bones in wrists and ankles
saddle joint
- the two bones are both saddle shaped (concave in one direction and convex the other) allows side to side movement and back and forth
eg. thumb and palm of the hand
condyliod joint
- full convex shape of one bone fits full concave shape of an adjoining bone
- movement in all directions through not full rotations
eg. joint in the wrist
synovial cavity
space between two bones
articular capsule
surrounds cavity, made of 2 membranes
synovial fluid
in the cavity it provides nourishment and removes debris from wear and tear
- no friction
- nourishment
articular cartilage
covers the articulating surface for smooth movement
