Joint Structure and Function Flashcards
what is the function of joints
T-o allow movement in 3-dimensions
-To bear weight
-To transfer the load evenly to the musculoskeletal system
what are the structural classifications of joints
Fibrous - teeth
synovial - metacarpal joints
Cartilaginous - intervertebral discs
Describe Synarthroses
immovable joints, mostly fibrous (eg. skull sutures)
Describe Amphiarthroses
slightly moveable joints, most cartilaginous (eg. intervertebral discs)
Describe Diarthroses
freely moveable joints, mostly synovial (eg. hip)
Whare the the types of fibrous joints
-sutures
only occurs in bones of skull (squiggles on skull)
-Syndesmoses
minimal movelement -propertional to fibre (usually interosseous tendon)
-Gomphoses
a peg in socket joint - only found in teeth sockets
what are the 2 ways of classifying joints
-structural
-functional
Describe cartilaginous joints
-arthroses
Bones directly connected by hyaline cartilage and usually amphiarthroses - slightly moveable - Coastal cartilage
-symphyses
cartilage connecting is pad/plate of fibre cartilage - pubic symphysis and intervertabreal discs
What is the outer and inner ring called in intervertebral discs
Outer = annulus (shock absorber)
Inner- nuclear pulposus (rich in preotoglycans)
Summarise fibrous joints
Are synarthrosis
-suture
-syndesmosis
-gymphosis
Summarises cartilaginous joints
Ampiarthrosis
-Synchondrosis
-symphysis
Summarise synovial joints
Diarthrosis
What are the components of synovial joints
- Articular cartilage
- Joint capsule -the inner layer is the synovial membrane
- Joint (synovial) cavity - a space filled with synovial fluid
- Synovial fluid
- Reinforcing ligaments
- bursae
- Menisci (fibrcart)
what are the types of cartilage
-elastic
elastin
-hyaline
-fibrocartliage
fibrous
all contain chondrocytes
based on the following bullet points, which cartilage is this
-low cell contnt
-no blood supply
-frictionless surface
-resistes compressive loafs
-high water content
Hyaline cartliage
