Joint Mobilizations Flashcards
Explain the effects of joint mobilization
Neurological Effects: Reduce M. Spasm & Guarding (relaxing)
Nutritional Effects: Synovial Fluid Movement
Mechanical Effects: Improves Mobility of Hypomobile Joints
Explain the process of how joint mobs help to reduce muscle spasming and guarding?
Small amplitude JM stimulate mechanoreceptors that inhibit nocioceptive stimulation
What are the open and closed pack positions for the wrist?
Open: 0 deg
Closed: Full flexion
What are the open and closed pack positions for the Glenohumeral joint?
Open: 55 deg flexion, 30 deg HorABD
Closed: Full ABD, full ER
What are the open and closed pack positions for the Knee Tibiofemoral?
Open: 20-25 deg flexion
Closed: Full extension, lateral tibial ER
What are the open and closed pack positions for the Knee Patellofemoral?
Open: Full knee extension
Closed: Full knee flexion
What are the open and closed pack positions for the Ankle Talocrural?
Open: 10 Deg PF
Closed: Full dorsiflexion
Explain Osteokinematics
Deals w/ movement of the bones w/ the DISTAL part being the reference. There is a mechanical axis.
Osteokinematics: Explain spin
movement of a bone about a stationary axis
Osteokinematics: Explain swing
Movement other than pure spin
Arthrokinematics: Explain it
Movement between joint surfaces. In most movements in our synovial joints role and glide take place simultaneously.
Arthrokinematics: Explain spin
Rotation around a stationary mechanical axis.
Arhrokinematics: Explain Roll
Movement in which points at intervals on a moving joint surface contact the same intervals on the opposing surfaces.
Arhrokinematics: Glide
Movement in which a single contact point on the moving surface contacts numerous points on the opposing surface.
When is the joint most likely to dislocate?
When rolling takes place in the joint. If only glide, impingement of the opposing joint surfaces would prevent full ROM.
T/F
All synovial joints are concave or convex?
True
Roll will always follow the direction of the ______?
Bone that is moving
Who does one determine the direction of the glide?
Need to know the shape of the joint surfaces & which surface is stationary & moving.
Concave surface is stationary &
convex surface is moving, what is the gliding movement?
Gliding movement in the joint is OPPOSITE direction of the roll
Convex surface is stationary & concave surface is moving, what is the gliding movement?
Gliding movement in the joint occurs in the SAME direction as the roll
Describe grade 1 JM
Small amp movements at beginning of available ROM
Describe grade 2 JM
Large amp movements within available ROM
Describe grade 3 JM
Large amp movements that reaches the end ROM
Describe grade 4 JM
Small amp movement at the very end ROM
Describe grade 5 Jm
High velocity thrust of small amp at end of available range & within anatomical range (Manipulation)
Contraindications for JM
- Malignancy in area of Trx
- Infection arthritis
- Metabolic bone disease
- Neoplastic disease
- Fusion
- Osteomyelitis
- Fractures
Precautions for JM
- Excessive pain or swelling
- Arthroplasty
- Pregnancy
- Hypermobility
- Spondylolisthesis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
What are the parameters for Oscillation when JMing?
- 60-120/min
- 1-5 sets of 60 seconds
Generally used to treat pain
What are the parameters for the Prolonged Hold method when JMing?
- 30-60 seconds
- 1-5 reps
Typically applied at end range to treat stiffness
What are the purposes for the different JM grades?
Grade 1 - pain control
Grade 2 - pain control & nutrition of synovial fluid
Grade 3 & 4 - ROM
Grade 5 - Manipulation
