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orthopedics > joint articular tissues > Flashcards

joint articular tissues Flashcards

0
Q

modulates chondrocyte metabolism

A

mechanical stimulation

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1
Q

classic description of cartilage?

A

avascular, aneural, alymphatic

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2
Q

how cartilage receives nutrients, oxygen?

A

diffusion

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3
Q

pH of cartilage?

A

7.4

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4
Q

articular cartilage composition?

A

water 65-80%
collagen 10-20%
proteoglycans 10-15%
chondrocytes 5%

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5
Q

cartilage collagen type?

A

95% type II (IV, V, VI, IX, X, XI)

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6
Q

effect of osteoarthritis?

A

INCREASED water content

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7
Q

proteoglycans function?

A

trap and hold water via cartilage pores

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8
Q

subunits of proteoglycans?

A

GAGs: chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate

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9
Q

cartilage layer with highest collagen fiber concentration?

A

tangential-superficial zone

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10
Q

coefficient for friction in human joint?

A

0.002-0.04

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11
Q

predominant type of lubrication in dynamic joint function?

A

elastohydrodynamic lubrication

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12
Q

effect of aging?

A

DECREASED WATER content

INCREASED PROTEIN content

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13
Q

effect of immobilization?

A

cartilage degeneration

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14
Q

vascularized, mediates nutrient exchange

A

synovium

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15
Q

synovium cell type A

A

for phagocytosis

16
Q

synovium cell type B

A

produce synovial fluid

17
Q

synovial fluid function?

A

lubricates, provides nourishment

18
Q

‘nonnewtonian’ flow characteristics of synovial fluid?

A

viscosity not constant; increases as shear rate increases (c/o lubricin)

19
Q

meniscus function?

A

deepens articular surface, broadens contact area, distributes load

20
Q

knee meniscus function?

A

transmits 50% force in extension, 90% in deep flexion

21
Q

blood supply of knee meniscus?

A

geniculate arteries (only to PERIPHERAL zone)

22
Q

meniscal tear with best healing characteristics?

A

peripheral, acute, rim width > 4mm

23
Q

collagen type in meniscus?

A

primarily type I

orthopedics (10 decks)

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