John's strong position is threatened in 1212 by Wales, France and English barons so he seeks peace

Question 1

Who is the papal representative?

Answer 1

Pandulf

Question 2

Who encourages John to meet Pandulf (the papal representative) to try end the interdict?

Answer 2

Peter des Roches and Geoffrey FitzPeter

Question 3

Who is Geoffrey FitzPeter?

Answer 3

He is the Justiciar

Question 4

In John’s first meeting with Pandulf, why did John continue to disagree with the agreement (return land, pay back the church, accept Langton)?

Answer 4

Because there was no written document from Innocent saying that he would not accept an Archbishop without the approval of the King again.

Question 5

Why Philip in a weaker position than John?

Answer 5

Because Philip II was weakened during to the Count of Toulouse leaving an alliance with him

Question 6

Why John in a stronger position than Philip II?

Answer 6

Because I’m 1211, John’s troops successfully defeated Welsh troops securing his position in Wales. He built castles along the border

Question 7

Who did John form an alliance with to invade Philip in Spain?

Answer 7

Counts of Boulogne and Flanders

Question 8

When did John begin planning to invade Spain?

Answer 8

At the beginning of 1212

Question 9

What did John do that shows he is a good commander, after he found out about Philip’s weak position?

Answer 9

He was going to capitalise on Philip’s problems and his own strong position by preparing an invasion

Question 10

Who was Llewelyn the Great?

Answer 10

Leader in Wales (husband to John’s daughter Joan)

Question 11

Who was Llewelyn also in contact with which posed a threat to John?

Answer 11

Philip II

Question 12

Who was Philip in contact with that posed a threat to John?

Answer 12

Unhappy English barons

Question 13

Why was the Welsh not happy with John?

Answer 13

Because John killed 28 of the Welsh hostages once the Welsh began to take land in England and break down castles which John built

Question 14

Who warned John of the plot between France, England and Wales to kill him?

Answer 14

His daughter Joan who was married to Llewelyn

Question 15

Which of the English Barons fled England after John found out of the plot to kill him (and therefore guilty)?

Answer 15

Robert Fitz Walter (France) and Eustace de Vesci (Scotland).

Question 16

Who wrote to encouraged John to make peace with the Church for the sake of his preservation?

Answer 16

William Marshal

Question 17

Who did John send to Rome to finally try make peace with the Church, but what happened to them?

Answer 17

The Abbot of Beaulieu and others but they were captured on their way to Rome.

Question 18

Who supported Philip’s invasion of England after he found out the horrifying stories of the clergy at the King’s orders?

Answer 18

Innocent III

Question 19

What did Innocent III do after he found out about the horrifying stories of the clergy at the King’s orders?

Answer 19

He issued letters deposing John and called on Philip II to conquer England

Question 20

What happened with the French barons after Innocent issued letters deposing John and supporting Philip’s invasion?

Answer 20

Forces began to muster in France

Question 21

How much would Philip spend to prepare to invade England?

Answer 21

£60,000

Question 22

What did Innocent do once the Abbot of Beaulieu arrived in Rome after his capturing and told him John’s offer?

Answer 22

He sent Pandulf to England to negotiate on his behalf .

Question 23

When did Pandulf reach England to discuss the final negotiations of the interdict?

Answer 23

May 1213

Question 24

Who did Pandulf say that John had to welcome as well as Stephen Langton?

Answer 24

He had to accept Robert Fitzwalter and Eustace de Vesci (the english barons who were plotting his death), as well as clergy who had fled abroad, and paying them money

Question 25

What 4 things did John do alongside accepting Pandulf’s terms?

Answer 25

1) he issued a charter putting England under papal protection, so he cannot be invaded
2) made the pope his overlord, and making himself the pope’s vassal
3) paid homage to the pope
4) agreed to send 1,000 marks annually

Question 26

How many marks did John agree to send the Pope annually?

Answer 26

1,000 marks

Question 27

What did Matthew Paris say that making the Pope England’s overlord would be?

Answer 27

“something that will be detested for all time”

Question 28

Who said that “to many it seemed ignominious, a heavy yoke of servitude”?

Answer 28

Barnwell Chronicle Records

Question 29

Why was John/England becoming a vassal to the pope not as humiliating as people claimed?

Answer 29

The Pope was already an overlord of Aragon, Sweden, Denmark and Sicily.

Question 30

When did Stephen Langton enter England?

Answer 30

July 1213

Question 31

What big event did John plan to welcome Langton?

Answer 31

With a lavishly decorated church, as John waited with the barons during a grand procession of abbots, clergy, and bishops.

Question 32

What did Stephen Langton announce that Innocent allow him to do once John accepted him as Archbishop of Canterbury?

Answer 32

He formally announced that the Pope had given him permission to end John’s excommunication not interdict

Question 33

When only would the interdict be removed?

Answer 33

If John repaid the money from the church

Question 34

What did John do to lessen the cost he had to repay to the church?

Answer 34

He forced monasteries in 1212 to send letters to the Pope saying they gave the money to John, he didn’t steal it

Question 35

How much money did Cardinal Nicholas of Tusculum find was an appropriate amount John had to repay to the Church?

Answer 35

100,000 marks

Question 36

Why was John blocked from only repaying 10,000 marks to the church?

Answer 36

Because Stephen Langton and the exiled bishops found this unfair

Question 37

How much did John agree to repay because Stephen Langton and the exiled bishops found only repaying 10,000 marks out of £66,000 to the church unfair?

Answer 37

40,000 marks upfront as well as 12,000 marks per year

Question 38

How much did John actually repay to the church out of the 40,000 marks upfront as well as 12,000 marks per year?

Answer 38

Only 30,000 marks

Question 39

What happened after John paid the cost he owed to the church?

Answer 39

The interdict was removed! (WOOP WOOP)