Jim Crow Flashcards
The P_____ P_____ sought alliances between black and white farmers
Populist Party
What phrase did Southern Democrats use to break Populist alliances?
Negro domination
B___ T_____ (SC) and J____ V_____ (MS) promoted extreme white supremacist policies
Ben Tillman & James Vardaman
C_____ C_____’s 1900 book claimed black Americans were inferior
Charles Carroll
The N_____ a B_____ (1900) promoted pseudo-scientific racism
The Negro a Beast
Social Darwinism framed blacks as “d_____” and unfit for equality
degenerate
C_____ R_____ C_____ (1883) struck down the 1875 Civil Rights Act
Civil Rights Cases
P_____ v. F_____ (1896) established “separate but equal”
Plessy v. Ferguson
W_____ v. M_____ (1898) upheld literacy tests and poll taxes
Williams v. Mississippi
Average lynchings per year in 1890s?
187
I___ B. W_____ documented lynchings’ economic motives
Ida B. Wells
W_____ R___ (1898) and A_____ R___ (1906) reinforced white dominance
Wilmington Riot & Atlanta Riot
MS black voter registration dropped from 67% (1890) to ___% by 1892
0.057
L_____ T_____ required interpreting complex constitutional clauses
Literacy tests
F_____ was first state to mandate segregated railroad cars (1887)
Florida
Per-pupil spending in SC (1910): 5.95(Black) vs ____(White)
40.68
H_____ P_____ was arrested under LA’s Separate Car Act
Homer Plessy
C_____ v. R_____ C_____ (1899) allowed closure of black high schools
Cumming v. Richmond County
Black life expectancy in rural South was __ years (vs 47 for whites)
33
Blacks were called “b___/g___” instead of Mr./Mrs.
boy/girl
M___ T_____ was lynched while pregnant (GA 1918)
Mary Turner
Wilmington Riot killed __+ blacks
25
P_____ T_____ cost 2 (60 today)
Poll taxes
LA’s G_____ C_____ (1898) exempted whites with pre-1867 voting ancestors
Grandfather Clause
Last black Congressman before 1972 was G_____ W_____ (NC 1901)
George White
S_____ v. A_____ (1944) ended white primaries
Smith v. Allwright
Black farm ownership rose from 3.8% (1870) to __% (1900)
25
__% of Atlanta’s black women worked as domestics (1880s)
98
T_____ I_____ trained 1000+ students annually in trades
Tuskegee Institute
W.E.B. Du BOis founded the N_____ M_____ (1905)
Niagara Movement
NAACP fought G_____ v. US (1915) against grandfather clauses
Guinn v. US
Total lynchings (1882-1968)?
4743
LA black voters dropped from 130444 (1896) to ___ (1910)
730
In what year did F____ introduce legal segregation in railway carriages?
Florida 1887
Mi____, T____, L____, A____ + K_____ all legalised segregation in the following years.
Mississippi, Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Kentucky
