Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Civil Rights History > 50s + 60s > Flashcards

50s + 60s Flashcards

1
Q

What psychological evidence did Thurgood Marshall use in Brown v. Board?

A

“Doll tests” (showed segregation harmed Black children’s self-esteem).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What year did Smith v. Allwright ban whites-only primaries?

A

1944

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many SC justices ruled unanimously in Brown v. Board?

A

9-0.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many Southern schools desegregated by 1957?

A

750 of 6300.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What year was the NAACP banned in Alabama?

A

1956

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

T____ M____ was the NAACP’s chief lawyer in Brown v. Board.

A

Thurgood Marshall.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

E____ W____ persuaded SC justices to unite in Brown v. Board.

A

Earl Warren.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

*Shelley v. K____ (1948) banned enforcement of housing covenants.

A

Kraemer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The S____ M____ (1956) pledged resistance to desegregation.

A

Southern Manifesto.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

*Boynton v. V____ (1960) outlawed segregated bus terminals.

A

Virginia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How long did the Montgomery Bus Boycott last?

A

381 days.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What percentage of Montgomery bus riders were Black?

A

0.75

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What year did Browder v. Gayle end bus segregation?

A

1956

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

R____ P____’s arrest sparked the boycott.

A

Rosa Parks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

E____ D____ N____ organized the boycott’s legal challenge.

A

E.D. Nixon.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

J____ A____ R____ mobilized protesters via leaflets.

A

Jo Ann Robinson.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

MLK founded the S____ to coordinate nonviolent protests.

A

SCLC.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How many cities desegregated facilities by 1961 due to sit-ins?

A

810

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In what year were Freedom Riders attacked in Anniston?

A

1961

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

How many volunteers joined 1964’s Freedom Summer?

A

1000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The Greensboro sit-ins began at W____’s whites-only counter.

A

Woolworth’s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Freedom Riders were attacked by “B____ C____” in Birmingham.

A

Bull Connor.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

SNCC activists C____& G____& and S____ were murdered in 1964.

A

Chaney& Goodman& Schwerner.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How many people attended the 1963 March on Washington?

A

250000

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What year was the Civil Rights Act passed?
1964
26
What title of the Civil Rights Act created the EEOC?
Title VII.
27
“Bull” C____ used police dogs/fire hoses in Birmingham.
Connor.
28
The M____ on W____ featured MLK’s “I Have a Dream” speech.
March on Washington.
29
What year did Black voter registration in Mississippi reach 59%?
1968 (up from 5%).
30
When was Malcolm X assassinated?
1965
31
“Bloody Sunday” occurred on the E____ P____ Bridge.
Edmund Pettus.
32
S____ C____ popularized “Black Power” in 1966.
Stokely Carmichael.
33
The B____ P____ Party ran free breakfast programs.
Black Panther.
34
What year did Truman desegregate the military?
1948 (Executive Order 9981).
35
What unit protected the Little Rock Nine?
101st Airborne.
36
*Cooper v. A____ (1958) ruled states must obey SC decisions.
Aaron.
37
President L____ B____ J____ signed the Voting Rights Act.
Lyndon B. Johnson.
38
How many Black students initially tried to integrate Central High in 1957?
9 (the "Little Rock Nine").
39
What Army division was sent to protect the Little Rock Nine?
101st Airborne.
40
How many years passed before all Southern schools fully complied with Brown v. Board?
Over 20 (until the 1970s).
41
Arkansas Governor O____ F____ called the National Guard to block integration.
Orval Faubus.
42
E____ H____ was the first Black graduate of Central High (1958).
Ernest Green.
43
How many Freedom Schools were established in Mississippi in 1964?
41
44
What percentage of Mississippi’s Black population was registered to vote in 1964?
6.7%.
45
How many volunteers were arrested during Freedom Summer?
1000+.
46
Fannie Lou H____ was sterilized without consent for registering voters.
Hamer.
47
COFO (C____ O____ O____) organized Freedom Summer.
Council of Federated Organizations.
48
How many marches occurred in Selma in March 1965?
3 (including "Bloody Sunday").
49
How many marchers were hospitalized after "Bloody Sunday"?
17
50
What percentage of Alabama’s Black population was registered to vote in 1965?
0.23
51
J____ L____ led the Selma-to-Montgomery marches.
John Lewis.
52
President LBJ invoked "W____ S____ O____" in his Voting Rights Act speech.
We Shall Overcome.
53
How many cities experienced riots after MLK’s assassination in 1968?
125+.
54
What year did the Black Panthers march armed into California’s state capitol?
1967
55
H. Rap B____ coined the phrase "Burn baby burn" during riots.
Brown.
56
The N____ of I____ promoted Black separatism before Malcolm X left.
Nation of Islam.
57
How many civil rights acts were passed between 1957–1968?
3 (1957& 1964& 1968).
58
What year did the Supreme Court uphold bus desegregation in Boynton v. Virginia?
1960
59
Senator S____ T____ filibustered the Civil Rights Act for 24 hours.
Strom Thurmond.
60
The C____ R____ D____ (CRD) enforced school desegregation orders.
Civil Rights Division.
61
How many members did the White Citizens’ Councils have by 1956?
250&000.
62
How many Black churches were bombed in Alabama in 1956?
10+.
63
The KKK revived under Grand Wizard R____ S____ in the 1950s.
Robert Shelton.
64
G____ W____ famously said
"Segregation now tomorrow forever!"
65
What percentage of Black workers held white-collar jobs by 1968?
10% (up from 5% in 1950).
66
How many Black mayors led major U.S. cities by 1970?
3
67
The P____ P____ R____ (1968) investigated urban riot causes.
Kerner Commission.
68
How many days did the Birmingham campaign last before concessions were won?
37 days (April 3–May 10& 1963).
69
What percentage of Birmingham’s Black population participated in protests?
Estimated 40%.
70
MLK wrote "L____ from B____ J____" during the campaign.
Letter from Birmingham Jail.
71
The "C____ C____" involved thousands of Black students protesting.
Children’s Crusade.
72
Business leaders agreed to desegregate lunch counters and hire Black workers in the B____ A____.
Birmingham Accord.
73
What year was SNCC founded at Shaw University?
1960
74
How many volunteers were trained for Mississippi’s Freedom Summer (1964)?
1000+.
75
SNCC’s first chairman was E____ M____.
Ella Baker.
76
The "M____ F____" challenged segregation at bus terminals.
Freedom Rides (1961).
77
SNCC shifted to "B____ P____" under Stokely Carmichael in 1966.
Black Power.
78
How many Black churches were SCLC’s primary network?
Over 100.
79
What year did SCLC’s "C____ for C____" voter drive fail to meet goals?
1958–60 (only 160000 new voters).
80
SCLC’s first president was D____ A____ K____.
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
81
The SCLC’s 1965 Selma campaign focused on the V____ R____ A____.
Voting Rights Act.
82
SCLC’s Chicago campaign targeted ____ discrimination.
Housing.
83
In what year did Bailey v. Patterson reaffirm bans on transport segregation?
1962
84
How many combined cases were included in Brown v. Board?
5 (e.g.& Briggs v. Elliott).
85
*S____ v. K____ (1948) barred courts from enforcing housing covenants.
Shelley v. Kraemer.
86
*B____ v. G____ (1956) supported the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Browder v. Gayle.
87
*C____ v. A____ (1958) required Arkansas to obey Brown v. Board.
Cooper v. Aaron.
88
How many titles did the Civil Rights Act of 1964 have?
11 (e.g.& Title II: Public accommodations).
89
What year did the EEOC receive its first 10000 complaints?
1965
90
The F____ H____ A____ (1968) banned racial discrimination in housing.
Fair Housing Act.
91
Senator E____ D____ filibustered the 1964 Act for 14 hours.
Everett Dirksen.
92
The 1968 Act passed days after MLK’s assassination in M____& Tennessee.
Memphis.

Civil Rights History (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions