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SOR - Judaism Depth Study > Jewish ethical teachings of Bioethics - Abortion, Euthanasia, and Organ Transplantation > Flashcards

Jewish ethical teachings of Bioethics - Abortion, Euthanasia, and Organ Transplantation Flashcards

Ethics

1
Q

The Halacha puts great value on what?

A

A person’s life, viewing it as having infinite worth

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2
Q

Is a fetus considered a child?

A

Within the Halacha, a fetus only attains the status of a full person at birth.
- The baby must be born first before it is viewed as a person

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3
Q

When is abortion permitted?

A

Often only when the mothers life is in danger, as Jewish law states it is mandatory for the mother’s life.

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4
Q

The Jewish belief in the sanctity of life means that?

A

Murder is considered a horrible act that has intense consequences.

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5
Q

Exodus 21:22

A

“Should men quarrel and hit a pregnant women, and she miscarries… he shall surely be punished”

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6
Q

Meaning of: “Should men quarrel and hit a pregnant women, and she miscarries… he shall surely be punished”

A
  • Demonstrating the significance in the Jewish belief of the sanctity of life
  • Further illustrates the importance of a mothers life as it emphasises a fetus is not yet a person
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7
Q

Leviticus 24:17

A

“If a man strokes down any human being he shall be put to death”

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8
Q

What is the meaning of: “If a man strokes down any human being he shall be put to death”

A
  • illuminating the sanctity of human life
  • Revealing that any act to hurt another is punishable by death
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9
Q

According to Orthodox Rabbi Davide M. Feldman

A

“In the rabbinic system… abortion is not murder. Nor is it more than murder”

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10
Q

According to Orthodox Rabbi Davide M. Feldman

A

“if a woman has [life-threatening] difficulty in childbirth, the embryo… should be dismembered… her life takes precedence over its life”

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11
Q

Researchers, Rami Khorfan and Aasim I. Padela stated

A

“Abortion of an unborn foetus is allowed if the mothers’ life is in danger”

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12
Q

Euthanasia refers to?

A

The act of ending a person’s life to end their suffering and pain.

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13
Q

Do traditional rabbinic authorities approve of euthanasia?

A

Traditional rabbinic authoritative forbid euthanasia, as it is seen as instigating the death of a terminally ill patient.

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14
Q

Ecclesiastes 3:2a

A

“There is a Time to Be Born and a Time to Die”

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15
Q

According to ______, one who kills a goses (a person expected to die soon) is a murderer

A

Talmud

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16
Q

According to Reform Rabbi Peter Knobel,

A

In cases where the pain experienced by a terminally ill patient decreases the ability to live, euthanasia may be permitted

17
Q

What Jewish variants (Reform, Conservative, Orthodox) approve of Euthanasia?

A
18
Q

What Jewish variants (Reform, Conservative, Orthodox) approve of Abortion?

A
19
Q

What is passive euthanasia?

A
  • The withholding or withdrawing therapy that can keep someone alive when no amount of it is going to prevent the death of the patient.
  • Example: withdrawing treatment for a braindead patient, knowing they will not recover with treatment.
20
Q

Why is passive euthanasia permitted?

A
  • Passive euthanasia is seen as allowing natural process to go on, and is thus acceptable.
  • Links to the belief in one God, as each person’s life is within God’s will, and if a person cannot recover from treatment, it is a sign that is it within God’s will that they shall pass.
21
Q

What is active euthanasia?

A
  • When a person gives something to a patient or person that brings about the end of life.
  • Example: injecting someone with drugs to kill them
22
Q

Kavod hamet is the principle belief of what?

A

Honouring the dead

23
Q

The Jewish tradition considers what as one of the highest ethical obligations?

A
  • Saving a person’s life is one of the highest ethical obligations
  • Links to the principle belief of the sanctity of life
24
Q

The Torah forbids what of a dead body?

A

The defilement of a dead body, the act of making something dirty or foul

25
Q

When an organ is harvested prior to death, it is considered…

A

Murder, as something was done to bring about their death

26
Q

Organ transplant is only acceptable to…

A

Save a person’s life

27
Q

Organ transplant is wrong when?

A

It is used for experimentation

28
Q

Brain dead means…

A

The brain is inactiveCardia

29
Q

Cardiac dead means…

A

The brain is active but the heart is inactive

30
Q

Orthodox Rabbi Immanuel Jakobovits stated that…

A

The donation of organs by living donors is not viewed as obligatory because it can cause significant risk for the donor

31
Q

According to the Talmud, saving a life…

A

Is equivalent to saving an entire world.

32
Q

Rabbi Shlomo Minkowitz stated that…

A

There are “certain situations in which organs will be harvested”

SOR - Judaism Depth Study (8 decks)

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