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Renal II Exam Three > Jeopardy Segment of Pales HTN CIS > Flashcards

Jeopardy Segment of Pales HTN CIS Flashcards

1
Q

Cough is the most annoying side effect of which BP med

  1. Amlodipine
  2. Clonidine
  3. Diltiazem
  4. Lisinopril
  5. Losartan
A

Lisinopril

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2
Q

This BP medication may lead to severe symptomatic bradycardia including heart block when added to a Beta blocker
Hydrochlorothiazide
Lisinopril
Losartan
Nifedipine
Verapamil

A

Verapamil

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3
Q

Hyperkalemia is a possible life-threatening side effect of which blood pressure medication?

Amlodipine
Carvedilol
Hydrochlorothiazide
Methyldopa
Valsartan

A

Valsartan (ARBs cause hyperkalemia)

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4
Q

This medication is a drug of choice for treatment of blood pressure for patients with mild to moderate kidney disease (especially with proteinuria), but in patients with severe kidney disease it may tip patient into the ESRD.

Doxazosin
Felodipine
Metoprolol
Ramipril
Spironolactone

A

Ramipril

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5
Q

How can ACE inhibitors help/hurt the kidneys?

A

Help: decreases pressure in the glomerulus, preventing sclerosis of the glomeruli.

Hurt: Lowers GFR, if GFR drops too low this can send the patient into ESRD

Almost certainely a TQ here.

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6
Q

Patients with severe sulfa allergies should avoid this BP medication

Amlodipine
Carvedilol
Hydrochlorothiazide
Methyldopa
Valsartan

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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7
Q

Alcoholic withdrawals symptoms are helped with this blood pressure medication

Amlodipine
Clonidine
Furosemide
Labetalol
Minoxidil

A

Clonidine

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8
Q

Patients with history of severe asthma could get an asthma exacerbation with initiation of this blood pressure medication
Amlodipine
Candesartan
Captopril
Labetalol
Terazosin

A

Labetalol

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9
Q

This medication precipitated condition shown on this picture.

Captopril
Carvedilol
Chlorthalidone
Clonidine
Hydralazine

A

Chlorthalidone - Thiazides exacerbate the gout by increasing uric acid

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10
Q

This medication may help with symptoms of prostate enlargement, but may cause reflex tachycardia

Amlodipine
Candesartan
Captopril
Labetalol
Terazosin

A

Terazosin

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11
Q

All of these medications may cause lower extremities edema, except which one?

Amlodipine
Hydralazine
Metoprolol
Minoxidil
Terazosin

A

Metoprolol

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12
Q

All peripheral vasodilators cause what?

A

Edema

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13
Q

Watch out for drug induced lupus when you use this Blood Pressure medication at high doses.

Amlodipine
Hydralazine
Losartan
Propranalol
Verapamil

A

Hydralazine

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14
Q

If you gave a patient hydralazine induced lupus, how would you diagnose it?

A

Antihistone antibodies

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15
Q

This medication may worsen blood sugar control in diabetic patients
Amlodipine
Diltiazem
Hydrochlorothiazide
Methyldopa
Valsartan

A

Hydrochlorothiazide

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16
Q

Also used as a hair growth product for alopecia, this BP medication should be used with caution in women not desiring hursitism.
Amlodipine
Hydralazine
Metoprolol
Minoxidil
Terazosin

A

Minoxidil

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17
Q

This diuretic blood pressure medication should be used in patients with systolic heart failure and in patients with one specific cause of secondary HTN, though it may cause gynecomastia in men.
Ethacrinic
Hydrochlorothiazide
Furosemide
Spironolactone
Triamterene

A

Spironolactone

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18
Q

According to JNC-VIII guidelines, this medication class is recommended for initial treatment of HTN in non-black population, but not in African-American patients.

ACE Inhibitors
Beta blockers
Calcium Channel blockers
Direct Vasodialators
Thiazide diuretics

A

ACE inhibitors

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19
Q

In patients with diabetes, the best initial choice of an antihypertensive medication is

Carvedilol
Hydralazine
Hydrochlorothiazide
Lisinopril
Metoprolol

A

Lisinopril (ACE inhibitor or ARB for initial choice in diabetics)

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20
Q

Patient with recent heart attack, should be on this BP medication
Clonidine
Diltiazem
Hydralazine
Hydrochlorothiazide
Metoprolol

A

Metoprolol - Beta blockers for post MI patients

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21
Q

In patients with systolic congestive heart failure, all but one of these blood pressure medications should be the first ones to be prescribed.

Bisoprolol
Enalapril
Losartan
Nifedipine
Spironolactone

A

Nifedipine

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22
Q

What drugs need to be used for CHF patients?

A

Beta blocker

ARB

Aldosterone inhibitor

ACE Inhibitor

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23
Q

These combination pill is frequently used in treatment of HTN. Each of the medication within the combination often cancel each other’s opposing effect on serum potassium level.

Amlodipine/Valsartan (Exforge)
Atenolol/chlorthalidone (Tenuretic)
Benazapril/Amlodipine (Lotrel)
Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (Zestoretic)
Trandalapril/Verapamil (Tarka)

A

Lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (Zestoretic)

Thiazide = hypokalemia

ACE inhibitor = Hyperkalemia

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24
Q

In pregnant patients, this medication is preferred to treat HTN because it’s one of the oldest and the most studied in pregnancy

Aliskiren
Hydrochlorothiazide
Lisinopril
Losartan
Methyldopa

A

Methyldopa

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25
Q

Angioedema is a rare but scary and life threatening side effect of this medication, especially in patients with C1 esterase deficiency.

Doxazosin
Felodipine
Metoprolol
Ramipril
Spironolactone

A

Ramipril

26
Q

Cocaine addict coming with severe HTN should not be treated with this medication alone

Amlodipine
Clonidine
Diltiazem
Labetolol
Propranolol

A

Propranolol - Cocaine is alpha/beta agonist, if you block the beta effect you have an unopposed alpha effect. Alpha effect will increase HTN and worsen the scenario.

27
Q

Patients with hypertensive emergencies can be treated with all of the below medication except for this one.

Nitroprusside
Labetalol
Hydralazine
Enalapril
Losartan

A

Losartan - Not in IV format.

Nitroprusside would be best most likely

28
Q

Thiazide diuretics may decrease all of the following electrolytes in the blood except:

Calcium
Chloride
Magnesium
Potassium
Sodium

A

Calcium

29
Q

If you abruptly stop this medication, it may cause severe rebound hypertension
Aliskeran
Clonidine
Diltiazem
Losartan
Propranolol

A

Clonidine

30
Q

This medication can cause a side effect shown on this picture:
Amlodipine
Hydralazine
Lisinopril
Minoxidil
Terazosin

A

Lisinopril - Angioedema

31
Q

This medication can cause a side effect shown on this picture:
Amlodipine
Metoprolol
Lisinopril
Losartan
Hydrochlorothiazide

A

Amlodipine

32
Q

After MI, what agents should be used? (2)

A
  1. Beta blocker
    1. ACE inhibitor
33
Q

After MI, what drugs should caution be used with?

A

Direct vasodilators

34
Q

In CHF, what agents should you use?

A

Ace Inhibitor

Diuretics

Beta blockers

35
Q

What drugs should be regarded cautiously in CHF

A

Beta blockers, (also here, I guess in the presence of pulmonary edema?)

CCB

36
Q

What drugs are indicated in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

Beta Blockers

CCB

37
Q

What drugs should you be careful with in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

A

Diuretics

ACE Inhibitors

Direct Vasodilators

(nondihydropyridines)

38
Q

What drugs are good for tachyarrythmias?

A

Beta blockers

Verapamil

39
Q

What drugs are good for Angina?

A

Beta blockers

CCB

Nitroglycerin

40
Q

What drugs should be approached with caution in angina?

A

Direct vasodilators

41
Q

COPD/ROAD good drugs include?

A

CCB

42
Q

COPD/ROAD should make you cautious about using?

A

beta blockers

43
Q

Good drugs for aortic dissection include?

A

nitroprusside

beta blocker

44
Q

Drugs that should be regarded with caution in aortic dissection include?

A

Drugs that increase cardiac output

45
Q

In bilateral renal artery stenosis you should hesitate to use?

A

ACE inhibitors

Angiotensin receptor blockers

(may worsen renal function)

46
Q

What are three good categories of drugs for chronic renal insufficiency?

A

Ace Inhibitors (With serum creatinine <2.5),

Loop diuretics

CCB

47
Q

What are two drug categories that should be treated with caution in patients with chronic renal insufficiency?

A

ACE Inhibitors, (in both categories, use but be careful)

Angiotensin blockers (may worsen renal function)

48
Q

What is a category of drugs that should be regarded with caution in renal transplant patients?

A

ACE Inhibitors

49
Q

List two categories of drugs that are good for migraine headaches

A

Beta blockers

CCB

50
Q

What is one category of drugs that is good for stroke or TIA HTN treatment?

A

ACE Inhibitors

(may allow reestablishment of cns autoregulation)

51
Q

What type of drugs should be regarded with caution in patients with stroke or TIA?

A

Vasodilators - may increase cranial pressure

52
Q

In patients with diabetes, what drugs are good?

A

ACE Inhibitors

ARBS

53
Q

Drugs that are good in pregnancy?

A

Methyldopa, Hydralazine; Beta blockers with caution

54
Q

Drugs that are bad in pregnancy?

A

ACE Inhibitors, Angiotensin blockers, (may cause renal agenesis) Diuretics

55
Q

In gout, what drugs should be avoided?

A

Diuretics (worsen joint pain or precipitate gout)

56
Q

In a cocaine user, what drugs are best?

A

labetalol and clonidine

57
Q

What drugs are bad in cocaine users?

A

Selective B-blockers

58
Q

What drugs are good for HTN in a patient with GI bleed?

A

Non-selective Beta Blocker (lower portal blood pressure)

59
Q

What drugs are good in HTN control of patients with pheochromocytoma?

A

Alpha Blocker – then – Beta blockade

60
Q

What drugs are bad for pheochromocytoma patients?

A

Selective Beta Blocker (unopposed alpha agonism)

61
Q

What is a good drug for BPH?

A

Alpha-1 antagonist

Tamsulosin in particular due to selectivity for alpha 1A receptors

Renal II Exam Three (13 decks)

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