Jeopardy Flashcards
2/3 ways brain has changed in evolution
- gained regions for speech
- changes in occipital and anatomical portions of brain
- changes can lead to new functional fields (speech) or enhance previously existing functions (texting thumbs)
Under what circumstances would this mom and baby blood type be a problem?
mom + and baby - = no problem
mom - and baby + = problem
What molecule creates the ABO system?
H anitgen
Which factor increases variation but does not alter allele frequency?
genetic recombination
2 factors that help maintain the center of gravity in humans?
- S shape spine
- femur is pointed inward (increased valvus angle)
How has the brain developed to give more capacity
-creation of wrings and convoluted lines in sulcus, increases surface area without increasing size
2 elements that affected reproductive timing in Neandertals
- fast brain size increase in infants
2. If mom is done growing and out of personal development then food intake just goes to baby
Advantages of having 2 male marmosets?
-males watch babies so mom can go hunt and eat without baby and bring back nutrients for both
How large is homoerectus brain size
80% the size of current human brain size
What prevents baby’s from choking?
-epiglottis touches soft pallet, which cuts off and prevents choking
What can type O blood do that BO cant?
O= universal donor
BO can’t make B antigents because it would attack its self but O can
What provides anchor for the tongue?
Hyoid Bone
Major example of asymmetry in brain
Language
What accelerates ability to learn lang
FOXP2
Why do chimps need more muscle power to support their weight?
bipedal and quadrapedal–> muscles needed for both and to support their weight in trees
What is the founder effect an example of
genetic drift
How are our togues different from chimps?
-smaller and different shape
2 phases of bipedalism
- swing phase
2. stance phase
What changes happened in pharynx so we could talk?
-sits lower in throat and it is elongated
When do cranial sutrues close?
-mid 30’s
what force workds at phenotypic level
-natural selection
How does mRNA get from nucleus to processing plant?
-capped head and poly A tail through nuclear pore
What gene decreases masseter muscle size?
-MYH16
Which gene directs lipoportein fat and energy through body?
Apolipoprotein
Which gene showed increased rates of protein expression in comparison to other primates?
SHH (sonic hedgehog)
What anatomical shift affected tracheal larynx?
-bipedalism –> centrally located foramen magnum
2 primary issues of bipedalism
- striding gate
2. obligate bipedalism
What force of evo works at population level?
-gene flow and genetic drift
2 elements of life course used to compare species?
- maturation rate
- the length and rate we produce and length we care for children and offspring
3 kinds of RNA
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
3 components of language loop
wernickes area - lang comp
brocas area - lang production
Arcuat nucleus - axon that runs between the two
What trait does ABO blood groups produce?
discrete trait
1st process in protein production
transcription
What force produces more alleles
mutation
Essential amino acid
must obtain from diet
