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Pediatrics > Jeopardy 1- Pulm ID > Flashcards

Jeopardy 1- Pulm ID Flashcards

1
Q

Meningitis Ages and Antibiotic PPX

A

0-1 Month: GBS, E. coli and Listeria
PPX- Amp + Gent (or Cefotaxime)

1-3 Month: GBS, S. pneumo and Listeria
PPX- Amp + Cefotaxime (+Vanc if meningitis suspected)

3Month-3yrs: S. pneumo, H. flu, Niesseria
PPX- Cefotaxime (+Vanc)

3yrs-Adult: S. pneumo and Niesseria
PPX: Cefotaxime (+Vanc)

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2
Q

Time of Fever of Unknown Origin

A

8 Days-3 Weeks w/o diagnosis

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3
Q

When is the highest incidence of bacterial meningitis

A

First month of life

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4
Q

CSF Findings of bacterial meningitis

A
  1. Pleocytosis w/ neutrophils
  2. Hypoglycemia (CSF:Serum is less than 0.4)
  3. Increased protein
  4. Gram Stain
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5
Q

Drug that reduce incidence of hearing loss w/ HIB meningitis

A

Corticosteroids w/ first dose of ABX

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6
Q

CSF Findings of bacteria, virus, TB and Fungal

A

Bacteria: Neutrophils, High Protein, Low Glucose, Gram
Viral: Lymphocytes (HSV = RBCs), Norm-High Protein, Normal Glucose
TB: Lymphs, Very High Protein, Very Low Glucose, Acid Fast
Fungal: Lymphs, High Protein, Normal Glucose, Negative Cx

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7
Q

Most common complication of meningitis

A

Hearing Loss

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8
Q

Brain imaging in TB meningitis

A

Basilar Enhancement

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9
Q

MOST COMMON Viral Meningitis

A

Enterovirus

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10
Q

Treatment of TB Meningitis

A

Isoniazid + Rifampin + Pyrazinamide + Streptomycin

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11
Q

MAJORITY of PEDS acute illness visits

A

URI

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12
Q

Causes of Acute and Subacute Bacterial Sinusitis

A

S. pneumo, H. flu and M. cat

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13
Q

Antibiotic for bacterial sinusitis

A

Amoxicillin

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14
Q

Pharyngitis + Enlarged Posterior Cervical Lymph Nodes + Hepatosplenomegaly

A

EBV

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15
Q

Pharyngitis + painful posterior pharynx vesicles (herpangina)

A

Coxsackievirus (HFM disease)

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16
Q

Treatment of GBS pharyngitis

A

Oral or IM Penicillin

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17
Q

Treatment of GBS pharyngitis + penicillin allergy

A

Erythromycin or Macrolides

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18
Q

Causes of AOM

A

S. pneumo, H. flu and M. cat

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19
Q

Diagnosis of AOM

A

Pneumatic Otoscopy to look for middle ear fluid

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20
Q

Treatment of AOM

A

Amoxicillin +/- Clavulanic Acid

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21
Q

Otitis Externa causes

A

Pseudo, Staph or Candida

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22
Q

Treatment of mild otitis externa

A

Acetic Acid solution

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23
Q

Causes of bilateral parotitis

A

MUMPS + CMV, EBV and HIV

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24
Q

Causes of unilateral parotitis

A

Staph, S. pneumo and M. tuberculosis

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25
Q

MOST COMMON cause of impetigo

A

Staph… then GAS

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26
Q

Treatment of impetigo

A

Topical mupirocin

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27
Q

Path of Erysipelas

A

Skin infxn of the dermal lymphatics

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28
Q

MOST COMMON cause of Erysipelas

A

GAS

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29
Q

Buccal cellulitis (blue discoloration of the cheek) suggests

A

Cellulitis from HIB

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30
Q

Treatment of HIB

A

Third Generation Cephalosporin

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31
Q

Cause of Perianal cellulitis

A

GAS

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32
Q

Cause of Staphyloccocal Scalded Skin Syndrome

A

S. aureus EXFOLIATIVE TOXIN

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33
Q

Rash that begins on trunk –> peripherally w/ erythema and sandpaper like papules

A

Scarlet Fever

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34
Q

The petichiae of Scarlet Fever are often located within skin creases called

A

Pastia’s Lines

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35
Q

OCD and tic disorder s/p strep

A

PANDAS

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36
Q

MOST COMMON cause of gastroenteritis

A

Rotavirus

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37
Q

Month when you see Rotavirus

A

Winter

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38
Q

Cause of gastroenteritis in closed populations

A

Norwalk Virus

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39
Q

MOST COMMON cause of bloody diarrhea 2/2 bacteria

A

Campylobacter jejuni

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40
Q

Treatment of ETEC and EPEC

A

Quinolones or Sulfonamides

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41
Q

Treatment of Shigella

A

Third Gen Cephalosporin or Fluoroquinolones

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42
Q

Treatment of Campy

A

Erythromycin

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43
Q

Treatment of Yersinia

A

Third Gen Cephalosporin

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44
Q

Electrolyte finding in diarrhea

A

Non-Anion Gap HYPERCHLOREMIC METABOLIC ACIDOSIS

45
Q

Perinatal HIV transmission accounts for

A

95% peds cases

46
Q

Transplacental HIV antibody lasts

A

18-24 months

47
Q

Vaccine contraindicated in kids w/ HIV

A

Live Varicella

48
Q

MOST COMMON HIV opportunistic infection in kids

A

PCP

49
Q

Cell affected by EBV

A

B Cell

50
Q

Diagnosis of mono in kids under 4`

A

EBV antibody titers

51
Q

MOST COMMON complication of Measels

A

Bacterial PNA

52
Q

Treatment of Measels

A

Vitamin A

53
Q

Measels is caused by

A

Paramyxoviriridae Family

54
Q

Rubella is caused by

A

Togavirus

55
Q

Congenital Rubella occurs during

A

1st Trimester

56
Q

Symptoms of Congenital Rubella

A

Blueberry Muffin Rash, Thrombocytopenia, HSM, Jaundice, Cataracts, Hearing Loss, PDA

57
Q

Malaria is transmitted by

A

Anopheles Mosquito

58
Q

Diagnosis of Malaria

A

Giemsa Stained Peripheral Blood

59
Q

MOST COMMON cause of infectious chorioretinitis

A

Toxoplasmosis

60
Q

Cough + Fever + Wheezing + Eosinophils

A

Loeffler Syndrome (Ascaris Lumbricoides)

61
Q

Iron Deficiency Anemia

A

Necator Americanus or Ancylostoma Duodenale

62
Q

Brain Structure favored by Neurocysticercosis

A

4th Ventricle

63
Q

Bronchial tree develops by

A

16wks

64
Q

Air Sacs/Pulm Vasculature develops by

A

26-28 weeks

65
Q

% Alveoli that develop after birth

A

90

66
Q

Age for epiglottitis

A

2-7

67
Q

Cause of Epiglottitis

A

HIB

68
Q

Thumbprint Sign of X-ray

A

Epiglottitis

69
Q

Lab finding in epiglottitis

A

Leukocytosis w/ Left Shift

70
Q

Treatment of epiglottitis

A

IV 2nd-3rd gen Cephalosporin

71
Q

PPX for epiglottitis

A

rifampin

72
Q

Males are 2x more likely to get

A

Croup and Bronchiolitis

73
Q

MOST COMMON cause of Croup

A

Parainfluenza Virus

74
Q

Steeple Sign on AP Neck X Ray

A

Croup

75
Q

Respiratory Distress in Croup is treated w/

A

Racemic Epi

76
Q

Stridor + Abrupt Fever and Toxic

A

Bacterial Tracheitis

77
Q

MOST COMMON cause of Bacterial Tracheitis

A

Staph aureus

78
Q

MOST COMMON lower respiratory disease in 0-2yrs

A

Bronchiolitis

79
Q

MOST COMMON cause of bronchiolitis

A

RSV

80
Q

Very ill w/ RSV get

A

Aerosolized Ribavirin

81
Q

RSV antibody for PPX in premature, heart/lung dz

A

Palivizumab

82
Q

PNA causes by AGE

A

0-3 months: GBS (MOST COMMON), Syphilis, Toxo, CMV, Rubella, HSV and TB
3mo-5yrs: Viruses (Adeno, Influenza A/B, Parainfluenza Virus), S. pneumo, Staph and HIB
>6yrs: M. pneumo and Chlamydia, viruses and S. pneumo (MOST COMMON)

83
Q

Afebrile Pneumonitis is caused by

A

Chlamydia

84
Q

MOST COMMON cause of PNA is

A

VIRUSES

85
Q

Viral PNA/Bacterial PNA WBC

A

WBC > 20,000 NEUTROPHILS is bacterial

WBC < 20,000 LYMPHOCYTES is Viral

86
Q

Viral vs Bacterial CXR for PNA

A

Viral- interstitial infiltrate

Bacterial- lobar consolidation

87
Q

Chlamydia PNA symptoms and TX

A

NO FEVER, h/o conjunctivitis and staccato-type cough; Eosinophils
Tx- MACROLIDES

88
Q

Definitive Diagnosis of Mycoplasma PNA is via

A

Serum IgM Titers for Mycoplasma

89
Q

Start immunization for Pertussis at

A

2 months

90
Q

3 Stages of Pertussis

A
  1. Catarrhal Stage
  2. Paroxysmal Stage
  3. Convalescent Stage
91
Q

WBC w/ Pertussis shows

A

Lymphocytosis

92
Q

ABX for Pertussis

A

Azithromycin or Erythromycin

93
Q

MOST COMMON chronic pediatric disease

A

Asthma

94
Q

Percent of Asthma that resolves and ages when it presents

A

Presents by 1 yr- 50%; 5yrs- 90%

Resolves by puberty- 30-50%

95
Q

Treatment of Asthma Exacerbations

A

Albuterol (short acting bronchodilator)

96
Q

MOST EFFECTIVE anti-inflammatory agents for athhma

A

Corticosteroids

97
Q

What decrease vagal tone of the airways in asthma?

A

Anticholinergic Meds

98
Q

CF epidemiology

A

1/2,500 Caucasians

99
Q

Percent carriers of CF

A

5%

100
Q

Chromosome for CF

A

7

101
Q

Meconium ileus is present in

A

20% CF patients

102
Q

PFTs for CF show

A

OBSTRUCTIVE pattern

103
Q

Greatest Risk for aspiration

A

3mo-5yrs

104
Q

MOST EFFECTIVE expulsive mechanism for aspirated obj

A

Nocturnal Cough

105
Q

Apnea of infancy is

A

> 20s no breathing

106
Q

SIDS occurs in

A

Infants under 1yr

107
Q

Peak of SIDS

A

2-4 months

108
Q

Prevention of SIDS

A

Sleep on back, Firm bedding, avoid overheating, smoke free, well childs, breastfeeding

Pediatrics (4 decks)

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