Jefferson and Madison Flashcards
Marbury v Madison
Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review
The Embargo Act
Passed in 1807 to stop trade with Great Britain and damage the British economy. This was done because of British impressment. Sent the US economy into a depression
The 12th Amendment
Stated that there would be a separate ballot for president and vice president resulting in the loser of the presidential election no longer being vice president.
The Land Act of 1804
Lowered the price of western land from two dollars to $1.64 an acre to promote westward expansion.
The Louisiana Purchase
800 Thousand square miles of land purchased from France for $15 million by the US in 1803
Lewis and Clark
Sent by President Jefferson to find a Northwest Passage, document plants & animals and establish good relations with native Americans in the LA territory
John Marshall
Federalist Supreme Court Chief Justice in the Marbury v Madison case who serve for more than 30 years handing down decisions that with strength and the power of the courts in the federal government
Sacajawea
Native American woman who served as an interpreter and guide for Lewis and Clark
Blockade
Used by Britain against France to seal off ports and prevent trade
Impressment
The practice of season Americans at sea and forcing them to serve in the British Navy
The War Hawks
A group of US Congressman from southern and western states led by John Calhoun and Henry Clay that wanted war with Great Britain.
Tecumseh
Native American leader who attempted to unify native tribes on the Western frontier and forming a confederacy to fight US forces.
William Henry Harrison
Governor of the Indiana territory who fought against Native Americans in 1811 at the battle of Tippecanoe and persuaded them to sign away their land.
James Madison
President of United States during the War of 1812
Thomas Jefferson
Democratic republican president elected in 1800. Restored freedoms to Americans and reduced the costs of government
The War of 1812
Caused by British impressment of Americans, supplying Native Americans weapons to fight the US, and the Chesapeake incident
The Chesapeake Incident
In 1807 British warship the HMS Leopard demanded the right to search the US naval ship the USS Chesapeake. The British open fire killing and wounding many Americans.
Andrew Jackson
US general from Tennessee who fought Native Americans in the Seminole Wars and defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans.
The Treaty of Ghent
Signed on Christmas eve 1814 and ended the fighting between the US and Britain
Adams Onis Treaty
Gave the United States possession of Florida from Spain in 1819
The Monroe Doctrine
Stated that European nations could no longer colonize in the western hemisphere, must stay out of US affairs and the US would act as a police force for the Western Hemisphere.
Corps of Discovery
Group of explorers led by Lewis and Clark
Aaron Burr
Jefferson’s running mate in the election of 1800 who became vice president. Shot and killed Alexander Hamilton in a duel
judicial review
Courts can declare actions of Congress or the president to be unconstitutional.
Oliver Hazard Perry
Captain of the US Navy fleet on the Great Lakes during the War of 1812
The Judiciary Act of 1801
Passed by John Adams which increased the number of federal judges, which were intended to be federalists.
Battle of New Orleans
Took place in 1815 after the War of 1812 had ended. The US defeat the British forces and gain national recognition for Andrew Jackson.
Rush-Bagot Agreement
Following the War of 1812 US and Great Britain agree to limit the number of warships on the Great Lakes to create a peaceful relationship between the two nations.
The Panic of 1819
An economic depression during Monroe’s presidency caused mainly by over speculation of western lands.
Revolution of 1800
Electoral victory of Democratic Republicans over the Federalists, who lost their Congressional majority and the presidency. The peaceful transfer of power between rival parties solidified faith in America’s political system.
Midnight Judges
The 16 judges that were added by the Judiciary Act of 1801 that were called this because Adams signed their appointments late on the last day of his administration.
Barbary Wars (1801-1805)
President Thomas Jefferson’s refusal to pay tribute to protect American ships from pirates in the Mediterranean coast sparked a war with North African nations that lasted from 1801 to 1805. This showed Jefferson’s willingness to take a stand against foreign threats.
The Seminole Wars
Andrew Jackson initiated these wars. crossed border into Spanish owned Florida to attack Seminole tribe that was harboring runaway slaves
