JB-Orthopaedics and Rheumatology Flashcards
Four key changes in OA
LOSS
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes (bone spurs)
Subarticular sclerosis (increased density of the bone along joint line)
Subchondral cysts (fluid filled holes)
How do X-ray changes (?acronym) correlate to OA symptoms
Do not
LOSS
Two nodes seen in OA in hand
Heberdens (DIP)
Bouchards (PIP)
Diagnosis for OA
Can be made if: over 45, typical pain, no morning stiffness
Most common organism in prosthetic joint infections
Staph A
What is a Colles fracture
Transverse fracture of distal causing posterior displacement causing dinner fork deformity
Common mechanism of Colles fracture
FOOSH
Classification of ankle fractures that involve lateral malleolus
Webber classification
Criteria to diagnose a fat embolism
Gurds
Respiratory distress, petechial rash, cerebral involvement + minor criteria
Best blood test for RA
anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide
Investigation for osteomyelitis
MRI
OsteoMRIlitis
Treatment of choice for SLE
Hydroxychloroquine
Pred (or cyclo) if organ involvement
Highly specific test for SLE
Anti-dsDNA
Joint aspirate in RA
High WBC (mainly polymorphic neutrophils), yellow, no crystals
Septic arthritis usually cloudy, positive gram stain (staph a), mainly neutrophils
Two key joints affected in AS
Vertebral column and sacroiliac