JB-Orthopaedics and Rheumatology Flashcards

1
Q

Four key changes in OA

A

LOSS
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes (bone spurs)
Subarticular sclerosis (increased density of the bone along joint line)
Subchondral cysts (fluid filled holes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How do X-ray changes (?acronym) correlate to OA symptoms

A

Do not

LOSS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Two nodes seen in OA in hand

A

Heberdens (DIP)
Bouchards (PIP)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Diagnosis for OA

A

Can be made if: over 45, typical pain, no morning stiffness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Most common organism in prosthetic joint infections

A

Staph A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a Colles fracture

A

Transverse fracture of distal causing posterior displacement causing dinner fork deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Common mechanism of Colles fracture

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Classification of ankle fractures that involve lateral malleolus

A

Webber classification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Criteria to diagnose a fat embolism

A

Gurds

Respiratory distress, petechial rash, cerebral involvement + minor criteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Best blood test for RA

A

anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Investigation for osteomyelitis

A

MRI

OsteoMRIlitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Treatment of choice for SLE

A

Hydroxychloroquine

Pred (or cyclo) if organ involvement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Highly specific test for SLE

A

Anti-dsDNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Joint aspirate in RA

A

High WBC (mainly polymorphic neutrophils), yellow, no crystals

Septic arthritis usually cloudy, positive gram stain (staph a), mainly neutrophils

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Two key joints affected in AS

A

Vertebral column and sacroiliac

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

X-ray changes in AS

A

Squaring of VBs
Subchondral sclerosis and erosions
Syndesmophytes (bone growth where ligaments insert onto bone)
Ossification of ligaments
Fusion of joints

17
Q

What does management of intracapsular hip fractures depend on

A

Undisplaced - Fixation

Displaced
Young - Reduction and fixation
Old
Low demand - hemi
High demand - THR

18
Q

What should disproportion pain on assessment of tone vs power raise suspicion of

A

Compartment syndrome

19
Q

Shoulder locked in internal rotation -> dx

A

Posterior shoulder dislocation

20
Q

What do all patients need after a diagnosis with dermatomyositis

A

Malignancy screen

21
Q

Most common joints in hand affected in OA

A

DIP and Carpometacarpal

22
Q

What should be co-prescribed with allopurinol

A

Colchicine or NSAIDs

23
Q

Second line urate lowering therapy

A

Febuxostat (xanthine oxidase inhibitor)

24
Q

How is weakness described in PMR

A

Weakness is not a symptom of PMR

Aching and morning stiffness in proximal muscles (ESR raised, CK normal)
Good response to pred

25
Q

Antibody associated with drug induced lupus

A

Anti-histone

26
Q

Reactive arthritis joint aspiration

A

Sterile synovial fluid with a high white blood cell count

27
Q

When should ?scaphoid fractures be seen in clinic/ have another x-ray

A

7-10 days

28
Q

How are aspirin and sulflasalazine linked

A

If allergic, most patients allergic to both

29
Q

Most common mechanism of ankle sprain

A

inversion

30
Q

Treatment for ank spond that is not responsive to NSAIDS

A

Must fail 2 types of NSAIDs and have active disease

Anti-TNF

Infliximab and etanercept