Jaw Movements and Articulators Flashcards
What are crown made on and why?
Made on an articulator as it can replicate jaw movement
Name the different moments/ positions your jaw can be in
- Intercuspal position (ICP)
- Protrusion
- Lateral movement
What is rotation
The jaw rotating up to 20mm
What is translation of the jaw
The jaw coming forward from the gelnoid fossa
Where does the jaw translate from and where to?
Slides from the glenoid fossa to the articular eminence
How do you open you jaw?
You rotate it and translate it at the same time
What is condylar guidance
Sliding of the articular eminence when the jaw comes forward
When moving your jaw side to side what do we call the slide you are slide towards
The working side
Which forces are posterior teeth designed for?
Vertical forces
What happens if posterior teeth experience excess horizontal forces?
They can crack
They can were down
Name the 2 groups patient can fit into when we describe their occlusion
- Canine guidance
2. Group function
What is canine guidance
When the patent moves their jaw to the side only the canines stay in contact
When placing an amalgam or composite restoration what type of treatment are we aiming to do?
Con formative treatment
What is con formative treatment
Any restoration that does not change the way the teeth:
- Meet together in ICP
- Slide across each other in lateral and protrusive movements
What does ICP stand for
Intercuspal position
What are crowns made on?
Articulators
What do articulators do?
They aim to replicate the jaw arrangements and movements of plaster models
How do we change from the ICP to an open position
- Rotation
2. Translation
How much does the jaw rotate when it opens
20mm
Around which point does the jaw rotate
The terminal hinge axis
Where is the terminal hinge axis?
The central point of the condyle
Name the main muscle involved in opening the jaw
Digastric muscle
What does the digastric muscle do?
It pulls the mandible backwards
What is translation
The forward movement of the jaw
Where does the jaw slide down when it is opening/ translating
The articular eminence
Which muscle pulls the jaw forwards and down?
Lateral ptergoid
Name the main muscle involved in closing the jaw
Temporalis
Masseter
Medial pterygoid
Name the steps involved in closing the jaw
Protrusion
What is protrusion
The condyles on both side being pulled forwards at the same time
Which muscles are involved in protrusion
Lateral pterygoid
What term is used to describe the jaw coming forwards as sliding down the articular eminence?
Condylar guidance
What does the condylar guidance angle tell us?
Tells us the verticalness of slop of the articular eminence
What is the normal range of the condylar guidance angle?
Around 20-70 degrees
What do we need to know to be able to measure the condylar guidance angle?
Need to know the start and end points of the condyle
What terms do we give to each Side of the mouth when we are describing lateral movement?
- Working side
2. Non working side
What is the working side
The side our jaw is moving to
Describe the condylar movement on the working side
The condyle is moving side ways
Describe the condylar movement on the non working side
The condyle is moving forwards and across
Which muscle is involved in lateral movement of the jaw
Lateral ptergoid
Name the 2 components of lateral movement of the jaw
- Immediate side shift
2. Progressive side shift
Give examples of some occlusal schemes
- Canine guidance
2. Group function
What is the immediate side shift
The first slight movement of the jaw to the side
What do articulators allow us to do?
Allow us to :
- Exam the occlusion
- Fabrication of restorations
- Investigate proposed changes to the occlusion (eg canine guidance to group function)
What does an articulator need to be Abel to represent?
Jaw movements
Which jaw movements must an articulator be able to represent?
- Opening and closing around a hinge axis matching the patient
- Protrusion with condylar guidance angle match the patient
- Lateral movements
Which part of the articulator do we change to make sure the jaw movements mimic that of the patient?
- The condyle of the articulator needs to be in the same position as the condyle on the patient
2, The slope the condyle travels down needs to be at the same condylar guidance angle as the patient
Name the different types of articulators
- Hinge
- Average valve
- Semi adjustable
- Fully adjustable
What can a simple hinge articulator recreate?
- ICP
2. Opening and closing by rotation
Which muscle pulls the amndible backwards when opening
The digastric muscle
What does the lateral pterygoid muscle do?
It pulls the mandible forward and down
What is the lateral ptergoid involved in?
Lateral movement of the jaw
Protrusion
What is the simple hinge good for?
Holding the teeth in ICP Which would be useful when making a crown for a canine guidance patient
What can an average valve articulator recreate?
- ICP
- Opening and closing by rotation and translation
- Lateral movement
State the AVERAGE values for the distaff between condyles
110mm
State the AVERAGE values for the distance from condyle to incised edge
110mm
State the AVERAGE values for the condylar guidance angle
30 degrees
What is a key disadvantage when using average valve articulators
They work on average values only so you can’t change the:
- Distance between condyles
- Distance from condyle to incised edge
- Condylar guidance angle
What can a semi adjustable articulator recreate?
- Position of hinge axis
- ICP
- RCP
- Lateral movements
What is RCP
The most protruded position of the jaw
What tool do we need to use to measure the position of the hinge axis?
Face bow
What can we adjust on a semi adjustable articulator?
- Hinge axis
- Condylar angles
- How far the Jaw hoes to the side
What can a fully adjustable articulator recreate?
- Position of the hinge axis
- ICP
- RCP
- Lateral movements
What can be adjusted in a fully adjustable articulator
- All surfaces of the gelled fossa
- Inter condylar width
- ISS
- Progressive side shift
- Condylar angle
What does a face bow do?
It records the position of the hinge axis
Which articulator would be best is you are only interested in getting the restoration correct in ICP?
Hinge articulator
Which articulator would you use if you were making a denture
Average valve articulator
Which articulator would you use if you wanted to ensure that lateral and protrusive excursions not create unwanted interferences
Semi adjustable