JAPAN casestudy - tsunami example Flashcards
date of the tsunami
JAPAN TSUNAMI
11th March 2011
how much did the coast sink?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- 1 metre
how far from the coast was the source?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
100 km
what happened 6km under the water?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
Earth was “distorting” - Pacific plate moving at a rate of 8cm a year, towards Eurasian plate
magnitude ?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
was 7.5 then into 8 but then 9 - scientists changed it
how long after the earthquake started were its effected monitored
(JAPAN TSUNAMI)
- 10 seconds
how long was the warning?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
A 60 second warming - people braced - but earthquake lasted 5 minutes
warning systems?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- they worked & buildings remained standing
- billions Tokyo spent on warning systems proved their worth
why did the tsunami occurred?
JAPAN TSUNAMI
It was triggers by the explosive energy of the earthquake
water displacement
JAPAN TSUNAMI
The upward flip of a huge rock displaced the water - the collapse back trigger the “shock waves”
characteristics of the tsunami
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- 1m high
- 100km wide
- hit land at different times
- 3 times the speed of a jet aircraft
- 100km per hour
- 2 waves
Location
JAPAN TSUNAMI
1st location - Ofunato (north)
2nd location - Sendi (south)
3rd location - Miyako (both)
low lying coastine
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- nothing to stop water
- tsunami moved 7km in land
Miyako - WALLS
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- 10m flood walls / drills;
Proved to be useless!
Tsunami was 10m - same as wall BUT the earthquake caused the coastline to drop by 1m - walls were smaller !
Nuclear plant
JAPAN TSUNAMI
- most at risk was the shut down nuclear plant
- wave flooded diesel generator; back up only had 8 hours of charge
- fires / oil and gas leaks
