Japan

Question 1

Definition of an ageing population

Answer 1

A population where older people become a proportional larger share of the total population. According to the United Nations, this is when 7-14% of the population are older then 65 years old

Question 2

Population size

Answer 2

2016- 126.99 million

Question 3

Growth rate

Answer 3

2016- -0.2%

Question 4

Fertility rate

Answer 4

1.41 children

Question 5

Life expectancy

Answer 5

85.3

Question 6

Other MR and BR

Answer 6

MR= 9.5 per 1000

BR=8.4 per 1000

Question 7

Median age

Answer 7

47

Question 8

Ageing population

Answer 8

• rapidly ageing population between 2012-2015

- Japan moved into negative population growth, losing 220,000 people per year

Question 9

Issues and challengers caused by this ageing population

Answer 9

• young people moving into cities and leaving rural areas, leaving parents
• long working hours don’t encourage working age people to have children

Question 10

Distribution of issues and challengers

Answer 10

Impact rural areas with high levels of dependent older people
- lack of day cares

Question 11

Factors causing this ageing populating

Social

Answer 11

• education, women are well educated and postpone children to later. Strong work ethic which hinders females to work and have children

Question 12

Historical

Answer 12

Boom in population, post WW2 evidences by high % of people aged <15 years in 1950

Question 13

Economic

Answer 13

Strong economy, able to provide for healthcare and flexibility,e waiting conditions

Question 14

Environmental

Answer 14

Availability to access clean drinking water and food increases life expectancy but lack of affordable housing =< in TFR

Question 15

Political

Answer 15

Little nation response to convince women to have children

Question 16

Technological

Answer 16

Increase in health care for non communicate diseases and contraception, robots- Rekationships

Question 17

Evaluate the importance of the factors

Answer 17

1. Baby boom 1950s
2. Technological health reproduction
   3 special education of women

Question 18

Regional context

Answer 18

• Japan is an extreme case of rapidly ageing population but china is also dealing with an ageing population with a low TFR and increasing median age and LE
  Median age 37
  TFR- 1.6 children
  LE-76

Question 19

Responses

Answer 19

National- Abenomics

Local- implementation of super markets that hold specific isles for the elderly

Question 20

Abenomics 
What and aim
Who  
When
Where

Answer 20

2014 increases female participation in the economy
Who- Japan
When- 2014
Where- Nationally provide 400000 new childcare centres around Japan

Question 21

Supermarkets
What 
When
Who 
Where

Answer 21

What- 2016 Lawson convenience super markets Stires in saitama Samata provide senior sections for seniors + care givers
Who- Lawson is a non gov company
When- 2015
Where- saitama city Japan

Question 22

Effectiveness of Abenomics

Positives

Answer 22

Women are being encouraged to participate in the economy as they will be supported by 400000 new child care centres and with more options to employ overseas nannies

Question 23

Abenomics negatives

Answer 23

Japaneses are not as interested in immigration to solve unskilled working positions

Question 24

Overall conclusion of Abenomics

Answer 24

Strategy will only work if women are able access childcare and trust they will be supported having a child for their work colleagues
- to raise TRF

Question 25

Effectiveness of local response

Positives

Answer 25

Business is catering to large groups of population 26%, they can access health of nutritional needs easily enabling longer LE

Question 26

Negatives

Answer 26

This local response does not encourage pop growth but might discourage young people to feel like the area is welcoming to young people, this is only to increase LE not TFR

Question 27

Which strategy is most effective

Answer 27

Both are effective and to increase TFR (Abenomics) plus local response to aged to help LE