Jan 2023 2Br Flashcards
How to find magnification
Convert into mm
Times with actual length
why reducing leaf temperature reduces transpiration rate
- lower temp lower KE
-water molecules moves less - less diffusion
Describe how water is transported from the soil to the leaves in plants.
- water enter thru root hair cells by osmosis
- dilute conc against more conc
-water moves up to xylem - transpiration pull
- due to water loss from stomata
Why protein is present in urine
- ultrafiltration
- from glomerulus to into bowman’s capsule (high pressure)
- Protein passes through nephron
Why glucose is present in urine
- Selective reabsorption
- in convoluted tube
- too much glucose in blood
- glucose not reabsorb in blood
Why conc of water is high in urine
- reabsorption of water
- Less water reabsorb
- in the collecting duct
Test for glucose
- Add benedict
- and heat
Describe how the scientists could determine the number of each plant species
per m2
in each field.
- place quadrat
- randomly / random coordinate
- count number of each species in quadrat
- divide amount by area of quadrats
Genome meaning
- All of DNA in an organism
Roles of RNA in protein synthesis
- Transcription produces mRNA
- mRNA copies code of DNA strand
- moves out nucles and into cytoplasm
- bind with ribosomes
- tRNA brings amino acids to ribosome
- anticodon binds with codon
- translation produce polypeptide
Transcription
- Two strands DNA unzip revealing amino acid
- RNA moves along and does complementary base pairing
- this creates mRNA
- mRNA leaves nucleus
- mRNA binds with ribosome in cytoplasm
Translation
- mRNA binds with ribosome in cytoplasm
- tRNA’s anticodon does complementary base pairing with mRNA’s codon
- amino acids on
neighbouring tRNA joins tgt - forming chain of amino acids
- this is polypeptide
Function of uterus
- implantation of embryo
- placenta grow
- provide nutriton
FSH function
- cause egg to mature in follicle
-Stimulates oestrogen
LH function
- stimulate release of an egg at day 14
Oestrogen function
- lining of eturus grow
- stimulates release of LH
Progesterone
-maintains lining of uterus during second half of cycle
- progesterone falls = lining breaks down
- inhibits release of LH and FSH
small fragments of plants which are regrown into whole
plants (micropropagation)
Explants
source of energy in agar micropropagation
Glucose
micropropagation produce large quantities of genetically identical plants called
Clone
One advantage is that micropropagation is quicker than
Sexual
micropropagation is that plants can be produced …………………………………………………….. the year.
Throughout the year
