Jan 2020 2Br Flashcards
Differences between the structure of DNA and structure of RNA
- DNA is double helix/stranded
- DNA contains deoxyribose
- DNA longer/larger
- DNA contains Thymine not Uracil
DNA sequence of bases
AT - CG
Sequence order of bases on DNA strand
CATCATCCT
GUAGUAGGA
RNA sequence of base
AU - CG
How many bases in 1000 chain of amino acids
1000 times 3 which is 3000
similarities in use of biofuel compared with fossil fuels
Both are burnt
Both produce CO2
Differences in use of biofuel compared with fossil fuels
Biofuel is renewable
Fossil fuels produce more energy
which organ produces insulin
pancreas
Role of insulin
- lower blood glucose
to glycogen - store in liver / muscles
How bacteria are genetically modified to produce human insulin
- insulin gene cut with restriction enzymes
- same resctiction enzymes are used to cut plasmid
- plasmid and insulin gene combined to form recombinant plasmid by ligase
- bacteria put in FERMENTER
and reproduce
Why FERMENTER is cleaned using steam before
- remove unwanted bacteria
- prevent contamination
- prevent competition
- remove pathogen
- sterelise
why many eggs are needed for cloning to be succesful
- not all egg survive
- not all embryos survive
What scientist should do with the zygote so it develops to fetus
White rhino sperm in northern white rhino that is old
(CLONING)
- mitosis
- Place embryo in uterus
- use southern white rhino as surrogate mother
- bcs Northern white rhino is too old
How students set up transpiration apparatus to measure water loss
- cut plant under the water
- seal connection so no air gap
- introduces air bubble
- measure distance
- convert answer into volume by πr2h
distance times πr2
Why plants grow better in windy conditions
- more transpiration in wind
- cools plant
- more minerals ions transported
- for eg nitrate for amino acids
- cell is not urgid
