James I - 1603-1625 Flashcards
Crown’s major sources of income (4)
Crown lands
Subsidies from Parliament
Customs duties
Wardships
Problems with crown revenue at the start of James’ reign (4)
Crown estates sold by Elizabeth to fight Spanish Armada
Subsidies not effective due to inefficent tax collection system
Tax farming system unreformed = customs duties low income
Opposition to wardships
Threats to stability (3)
Conflict between Scotland and England
Financial problem - low crown income
Religious problem - differences among Protestants
Crown’s alternative sources of income (6)
Arranging marriages
Livery - gifts of money
Purveyance - food and supplies for reduced prices
Monopolies - exclusive rights on particular goods
Justice - fines+court fees
Forced loans
James’ personal financial problems (4)
Over generous with gifts to favourites
Family - services for children+wife
Royal properties
Excessive eating, drinking and hunting
Debt at: 1603 1606 1610 1613 1618
1603 - £400k 1606 - £700k 1610 - £300k 1613 - £500k 1618 - £900k
Terms of the Great Contract 1610
Proposed to James I by Robert Cecil
Annual grant of £200k
King gives up wardship+purveyance
Cleared debts
James’s views on religion (4)
Tolerant
Favoured hierarchy (episcopacy)
Presbyterian
From 1620s - supported Arminianism
Richard Bancroft
1604-1610 Anti puritan Not James' first choice Enforced 39 articles Accused of depriving clergy of their living
George Abbot
1610-1633 Appointed by James to please puritans+unify England and Scotland Strong political influence Brought Buckingham into King's presence Opposed Spanish Match and Book of Sports
Millenary Petition
1603 - presented to king before he even reached London
Signed by 1000 puritans
Called for removal of Catholic practices in church services e.g. singing, vestments, bowing at the name of Jesus
Called for end to pluralism
Wanted new translation of the bible
Hampton Court Conference - Discussions
1604 - To discuss the Millenary Petition
James wanted to keep bishops “No bishops, no King”
James wanted to reform the church - shouted at his own bishops
Puritans wanted a more Godly church+abolish episcopacy
Hampton Court Conference - Results (6)
Every parish to have a preaching minister - held back by finance Pluralism limited Bishops have less power Some reform to Court of High Commission 39 articles more fully explained New transaltion of Bible
Bancrofts Canons
Terms and result
Tried to allow bishops to make church laws over Parliament
James backed down and withdrew the canons
Brought Parliament and puritans together
Parl+Puritans no longer trusted king to pick his own advisors
Gunpowder Plot - Date and Events
1605
12 Catholic plotters
Planned to kill James+heir and put Elizabeth on throne
Plot discovered one day before planned attack
Gunpowder Plot - Results (4)
All plotters executed
Two high profile jesuits executed
Several restrictions on Catholics
Oath of Alliegance - identified future plotters+divided Catholics
Spanish Match 1
1614
Tried to get his son, Charles, a Spanish wife
Lessens sanctions against Catholics
Any children promised to be Catholic
New Queen would have catholic court+services
Criticised by Parliament+advisors
William Laud in James’ reign
1616 - appointed to Dean of Gloucester
Caused controversy by moving altar to East
James wary of Laud
Patronised by Buckingham
1621 - appointed to bishopirc of St David’s in Wales
James’ activity with Arminians
William Laud - Dean of Gloucester + Bishop of St David’s
Richard Neile - Bishop of Durham
Took arminians to Scotland to reform church
Worked with arminian in publication of the Bible
Book of Sports
1618
Allowed certain activities on Sundays
Issued after dispute between puritans and local gentry
Heavily opposed by puritans and George Abbot
James withdrew his attempts to impose it nationally
Spanish Match 2
1622
Talks to marry Charles to spanish princess revived
Parliament made it clear they would not let Charles convert
Little England had to offer Spain
Spanish withdrew
Declaration for Preachers
1622
Banned discussion of state matters in sermons
Direct attack on Puritans criticising James
French Match
1624
Charles to marry a French princess
French pushed for Catholic toleration
Secret treaty signed promising toleration for Catholics
Became an explosive issue once leaked after marriage in 1625
Richard Montagu controversy
1624
Montagu published pamphlet criticising Puritans
James’ supported him
Overbury Scandal
1616
Robert Carr and Lady Essex involved in the murder of Overbury
James pardoned the pair, Carr was James’ previous favourite
Caused controversy
