James I Flashcards
Between 1603 and 1625, how much greater was James’ crown expenditure than Elizabeth’s?
Twice as much
When did James become King of Scotland? How old was he?
24th July 1567, aged 13 months
When was ‘Basilikon Doron’ published?
1599
When was James crowned king of England?
24th March 1603
What was in the April 1603 Millenary Petition?
Moderate Puritans presented a list of requests calling for modifications in church services e.g. abolition of the sign of the cross, the freedom of ministers to not wear ceremonial robes, education requirements for ministers, and reform of ecclesiastical courts
When did James order the collection of recusancy fines?
May 1603
When did James announce that all income from impropriated tithes would in future be devoted to paying better salaries to churchmen?
July 1603
The Treaty of London (1604) ended war with which country?
Spain
When did Parliament encourage legislation against Jesuits?
1604
What was the 1604 Shirley’s Case?
MP Thomas Shirley arrested for debt which upset MPs keen to establish the parliamentary privilege of freedom from arrest whilst parliament was sitting (excl. treason, felony or breach of the peace)
When was the Hampton Court Conference?
January 1604
When was authoritarian Richard Bancroft installed as Archbishop of Canterbury?
December 1604
When was the contested Buckinghamshire election?
1604
What were the 1604 Bancroft’s Canons?
Upheld many orthodox doctrines and liturgies of the church, as well as practices that had been condemned in the Millenary Petition e.g. insistence on clerical dress, use of the sign of cross in baptism, bowing at the name of Jesus.
Why was Union rejected?
Xenophobia from both sides.
English disliked idea of the nations being equal.
1606 parliamentary records indicate that MPs felt the laws of England would be destroyed by the creation of Great Britain.
Why was there a 1606 Oath of Allegiance to James?
1605 Gunpowder Plot
What was the 1606 Bate’s Case?
Merchant John Bate refused to pay the royal import duty (imposition) on currants, arguing that such impositions were illegal unless approved by parliament.
In a case heard by the Court of the Exchequer, the judges ruled that the Crown had an ‘absolute’ prerogative to issue impositions in order to regulate foreign trade and therefore did not require parliamentary approval.
Cecil used this judgement as an opportunity to create a significant source of income for crown by extending impositions on a range of imports and bringing the rates charged up to date with inflation
How much did James I’s coronation cost?
£20,591
Parliament granted James three subsidies to help with his debts in 1606. How much did he give away to three of his Scottish friends?
£44,000
When did Parliament pass two severe laws against catholics, which James did not rigorously enforce?
January 1606
When was Cecil appointed Lord Treasurer?
1608
What was the ‘Book of Bounty’?
Cecil ordered a 1608 survey of crown lands. He aimed to make more money by revising the leasing policy.
What were Crown debts by 1608?
£600,000
What was Cecil’s Book of Rates?
July 1608 - followed the Bate’s Case and levied impositions on 1400 items. Brought in annual income of £70,000.
What promises did James make to Cecil in 1608 and 1609?
In November 1608 he promised he’d stop giving gifts of land, and in 1609 he promised not to grant any gifts or pensions without Cecil’s agreement. He broke both promises.
Who did James pass over to elect George Abbott as Archbishop of Canterbury in 1611?
Arminian Lancelot Andrewes
What were the terms of the Great Contract, as (attempted) to be negotiated by Cecil?
In return for giving up some prerogative income, Cecil asked Parliament for an annual grant of £200,000 and removal of debts of £600,000.
Why did the Great Contract fail?
Failed because the king didn’t want to lose a way of controlling his subjects and didn’t think £200k was a worthy substitute for losing his feudal rights
When was the King James Bible published, having been started due to the 1604 Hampton Court Conference?
1611
Why was the 1611 idea to introduce a new sellable hereditary title of ‘baronet’ flawed?
Originally cost £1095 but by 1622, the title could be bought for £220
How much income did selling baronets bring in?
Established 200 baronets and brought in an income of £90,885 by March 1614
Earldoms were initially sold at £10k but were devalued and dropped in price. How many earls were there in 1615, and then in 1628?
27 earls in 1615 but 65 by 1628
When was the Cockayne project?
1614
What was James’ debts by 1614?
£680,000
When and who was the first Englishman to be appointed to the Bedchamber?
Buckingham in 1615
What was royal debt by 1617?
£726,000
When did Laud accompany James on a list to Scotland as one of his chaplains?
1617
What were the five parts of the 1618 ‘Five Articles of Perth’?
1) Kneeling at communion
2) Observance of holy days
3) Private baptism
4) Private communion
5) Confirmation by bishop
When was Buckingham appointed Lord High Admiral?
1619
How much did James’ third parliament offer him for potential involvement in the Thirty Years’ War in 1621?
Two subsidies - around £140,000
What was royal debt by 1620?
£900,000
How much did a 1621 ante-supper cost?
£3,300
How many monopolies were there by 1621?
100+
Why and when was Lord Chancellor Francis Bacon impeached? What was James’ reaction?
1621, for taking bribes. James overturned the fine and in 1624 gave him a full pardon however his political career had already been ruined.
Who was appointed Lord Treasurer in 1621?
Lionel Cranfield
What was the date of the Commons’ petition criticising the Spanish Match, and also for the follow-up Protestation declaring Parliament’s “undoubted birthright” to discuss FP matters?
3rd December 1621, and 18th December 1621
Where was Laud appointed bishop of in 1621?
St David’s
How much did the 1624 Subsidy Act in James’ fourth parliament grant, so long as it was used on specified areas of foreign policy?
£300,000
When was the Statue of Monopolies?
1624
What was Richard Montagu’s 1624 Arminian tract called that James didn’t censor?
‘A New Gag for an Old Goose’
When did James die?
27th March 1625
