james birch dieded

Question 1

Birch ended debt slavery

Answer 1

• birch ended debt slavery which was a regular malay custom being practiced at the time
• challenged the customs even more by sheltering the slaves from their owners
• made sultans and chiefs suffer loses because their slaves were gone

A)
chiefs can get back their slaves to work for them and gain profits back again after murdering birch

Question 2

violated pangkor treaty

Answer 2

birch went against the pangkor treaty signed in 1874 which dictated that there was to be no direct rule over the state as a brit resident

• however , birch violated it and imposed direct rule by collecting revenue himself instead of the malay chiefs
• malay chiefs suffered losses as their main source of wealth were taken away

A) chiefs can regain their revenue and wealth by removing birch
sultan able to reain his control over the states