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Introduction to Neuroscience > Jamboard questions > Flashcards

Jamboard questions Flashcards

1
Q

What neurotransmitter can be excitatory and inhibitory?

A

Glycine

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2
Q

What is the modality for free nerve endings?

A

pain, heat, cold

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3
Q

Which layer of the neocortex contains only axon and dendrites?

A

Molecular layer

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4
Q

Which visualisation method would be used to see detailed neuron structure?

A

Golgi Stain

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5
Q

What are the homeostatic glial cells of the CNS?

A

Astrocytes

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6
Q

How do ogliodendrocytes myelinate cells?

A

Ogliocytoplasm wraps many times around the axon of cells in the CNS

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7
Q

How do Shwann cells myelinate axons?

A

insulates one axon with one myelin segment in PNS

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8
Q

Where are bipolar cells found?

A

Retina

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9
Q

How are neurons structurally classified?

A

Axon diameter, Axon length, number of neurites

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10
Q

What does the nernst equation calculate?

A

The membrane potential achieved if the membrane was only permeable to one ion

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11
Q

Where does an action potential originate from?

A

The spike initiation zone

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12
Q

What factors affect propagation speed?

A

Axon diameter, myelination, nodes of ranvier

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13
Q

What does the space constant calculate?

A

The distance travelled by current along an axon before dropping below a threshold

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14
Q

Why does saltatory conduction save energy?

A

Na+ only enters at nodes so less work for Na+/K+ pump

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15
Q

Electrical synapses are formed from what type of cellular junction?

A

Gap junctions

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16
Q

What neurotransmitter would be found in a dense core secretory granule?

A

Oxytocin

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17
Q

How is glycine synthesised?

A

Catalysis of serine

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18
Q

What is an allosteric drug?

A

bind to a receptor to change that receptor’s response to stimulus

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19
Q

An increase in which ion concentration in BECF may cause increased neuron firing?

A

K+

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20
Q

Where is CSF secreted from?

A

Choroid plexus

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21
Q

Increases in extracellular K+ increases what in astrocytes?

A

Glucose metabolism

22
Q

describe how astrocytes act as a syncytium?

A

Gap junctions allow for redistribution of K+ ions to areas of low activity

23
Q

Which functional imaging technique exploits glucose use?

A

PET

24
Q

What does the endoderm in development become in an adult?

A

the lining of the viscera

25
Q

What is the role of the basal ganglia?

A

Coordination of movement

26
Q

Which part of the midbrain processes visual information before it goes to the cerebral cortex?

A

superior colliculus

27
Q

what part of the brain is highly involved in balance and posture?

A

cerebellum

28
Q

Where is the cerebellum located?

A

behind the top part of the brain stem

29
Q

Which type of cerebral cortex is associated with receiving sensory information?

A

Olfactory cortex

30
Q

what is the function of the thalamus

A

relay motor and sensory signals to the cerebral cortex

31
Q

Which type of fibres project through the corpus callosum?

A

Commisural fibres

32
Q

Why are the hypothalamus and pituitary gland linked?

A

Pituitary gland must secrete hormones to cause change needed for homeostasis, which is regulated by the hypothalamus

33
Q

Which part of the brain controls sympathetic output of preganglionic neurons?

A

Ventrolateral medulla

34
Q

In experiments to discover what controls preganglionic neurons, where were recording electrodes put?

A

The medulla and the bottom of the spinal cord

35
Q

Which part of the brain has a key role in fear?

A

Amygdala

36
Q

Which part of the brain has a key role in emotions affecting decision making?

A

Orbitofrontal cortex

37
Q

During which stage of non-REM sleep does body temperature drop and heart rate slow?

A

Light sleep

38
Q

Which part of the brain acts as the “internal body clock”?

A

The suprachiasmatic nucleus

39
Q

What part of the eye is the region of the retina for central vision?

A

the macula

40
Q

How does the cornea help to ensure light hits the retina?

A

The cornea has a different refractive index to air since it is mostly water

41
Q

What happens to the eye when viewing a close object?

A

ciliary muscle contracts, suspensory ligaments slack, lens is rounded and strong, refractive power increased

42
Q

What happens to the eye when viewing a distant object?

A

ciliary muscle relaxed, taut suspensory ligaments, flattened weak lens, refractive power weakened

43
Q

Are taste pores a sense organ?

A

no

44
Q

What type of cell are olfactory receptor cells?

A

Bipolar chemoreceptive neurons

45
Q

What is the scala vestibuli filled with?

A

Perilymph

46
Q

What is the scala media filled with?

A

Endolymph

47
Q

What is the scala tympanci filled with?

A

Perilymph

48
Q

How is the basilar membrane displaced?

A

Stapes move outward -> BM moves upward -> Hair cell depolarises

49
Q

where are third order neurons found

A

Dorsal column nuclei

50
Q

Which types of muscarinic ACh receptors produce excitatory post synaptic potentials?

A

1,3,5

Introduction to Neuroscience (5 decks)

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