Jakobson's Functions of Language & FIRTAC

Question 1

What are Jakobson’s 6 functions of language?

Answer 1

• Referential
• Emotive
• Conative
• Phatic
• Metalinguistic
• Poetic

Question 2

Explain ‘Referential’ language.

Answer 2

‘Referential’ language is when information, true or false, is being presented.
(e.g. “My favourite food is chocolate.”)

Question 3

Explain ‘Emotive’ language.

Answer 3

‘Emotive’ language is when feelings, desires and etc. are presented.
(e.g. “Ew!”)

Question 4

Explain ‘Conative’ language.

Answer 4

‘Conative’ language is when directions, questions and commands are presented.
(e.g. “Face the wall.”)

Question 5

Explain ‘Phatic’ language.

Answer 5

‘Phatic’ language is when a social connection is established.
(e.g. “What’s good, bro?”)

Question 6

Explain ‘Metalinguistic’ language.

Answer 6

‘Metalinguistic’ language is when a language is being described.
(e.g. “He used a simile.”)

Question 7

Explain ‘Poetic’ language.

Answer 7

‘Poetic’ language is when descriptive language is used to paint an image in the audience’s minds. (e.g. “She was as beautiful as a bouquet of roses.”)

Question 8

What does ‘FIRTAC STANDS FOR?’

Answer 8

F - Functions
I - Intentions
R - Register
T - Tenor
A - Audience
C - Context