Jainism

Question 1

Meaning of Jainism

Answer 1

To conquer

more philosophical/ethical system than religion

Question 2

Founder

Answer 2

Mahavira: Kashatriya,
spiritual awakeneing at 30–> become ascetic, avoid killing/harming
enlightened at 42 despite not being Brahmin: break off with followers
voluntarily starve to death

Question 3

Ford finders

Answer 3

one for each of 24 cycles of earth
off wheel but stay to help
Mahavira the 24th
the only sources of authority

Question 4

karma matter

Answer 4

version of karma

Question 5

purpose of life

Answer 5

renounce materialistic neesd

Question 6

ahimsa

Answer 6

nonviolence toward everything alive; also in thoughts and words

Question 7

transmigration

Answer 7

distinct souls that move between bodies; stay individual in Nirvana

Question 8

how to gain salvatoin

Answer 8

overcome attachment, no longer weighed down by karma matter (in human shaped universe)

Question 9

Three ethical tools

Answer 9

right knowledge
right faith
right conduct
through meditation and yoga

Question 10

5 monastic vows

Answer 10

ahimsa: protect all life
speak truth
no theft or taking
detachment from material (few/no possessions)
chastity (avoid women)

Question 11

scripture

Answer 11

some believe, some don’t
sacred sound from Mahavira at death, translated and passed down orally
agama: traditoin, Siddhanta: doctrine
mostly monastic

Question 12

mandap

Answer 12

marriage canopy

Question 13

temples

Answer 13

for meditation; statues of ford finders; symbols of desire on outside–left behind

Question 14

hand symbol

Answer 14

ahimsa, wheel

Question 15

swastika

Answer 15

wheel, levels of existence, “all is well”

Question 16

restrictions

Answer 16

strain water, weat mask, sweep floor, no food that involves taking life (including in soil)–only if it wasn’t for you (leftovers)

Question 17

caste system?

Answer 17

no, all life equal (and yet women still lesser for some)

Question 18

Digambaras

Answer 18

conservative denomination; “sky clad”–naked, renounce all attachment; stricter about getting off wheel (only men)

Question 19

Svetambara:

Answer 19

“white robed”, less strict; 3x as many nuns as monks (more equality)

Question 20

numbers

Answer 20

2-5 million (mostly India)