J2 - Beliefs and Sacred Writings Flashcards
What is the Tenakh and what are the 3 branches
Sometimes referred to as the Hebrew bible
containing 3 key sections:
Torah
Nevi’im
Ketuvim
What does Torah mean and what is in it? [2]
Means the law
contains:
Genesis
Exodus
Leviticus
Numbers
Deuteronomy
what does Nevi’im mean and what is in it
means the prophets
contains two parts:
Part 1: former prophets
Part 2: latter prophets
(i.e. 1 and 2 samuel)
what does Ketuvim mean and what is in it
means the writings
Includes what we might call books of wisdom
(i.e. song of solomon)
Who wrote the Torah (acording to Orthodox Jews)
Orthodox Jews believe all 5 of these texts were recorded by Moses as dictated to him by God.
How many laws are in the Torah and what are they called
613
Mitzvot
Jewish law parts
Written law / TeNaKh
Oral law / Talmud
what does Talmud mean and how many parts does it have
means oral law
has 2 parts
name of one section of Mishnah and how many total sections
there are 6 total sections
known as ‘seder’
Shekinah meaning
means the divine presence
is the presence of God on earth
Promised Land
the land of Canaan which God promised to Abraham and his descendants
Covenant
a solemn promise or agreement made between two people/groups. A covenant requires commitments from both sides.
Promises God made in the covenant with Abraham
to bless and curse those who bless and curse Abraham
abraham’s name will be a blessing
he will bless and multiply Abraham’s family
he will be Abraham’s God and will give the land and will live among them
what is the Gemara
commentary on Mishnah
what is a tabernacle
In early Judaism, the Tabernacle was considered to house the presence of God
what does the Te in TeNaKh stand for
Torah
what does the Na in TeNaKh stand for
Nevi’ ‘im
(not potasium)
what does the Kh in TeNaKh stand for
Ketuvim
what aspects of the Torah do the mitzvot apply to
all
to orthadox jews are the mitvot laws or guidance
laws
Why was the torah written down
so people could not reinterperat or inproperly retell the Torah
how where interpretations of the Mitzvot passed down in early Judaism
orally
God as Lawmaker
Jews believe God gave them 613 Mitzvot to follow, they teach people how they should behave
Jews see following God’s laws as part of the covenant
What promises did Abraham make in the covenant
he will walk with God, love him, walk a blameless life and trust him
he will take Isaac, go to mt Mariah, and sacrifice him as a burnt offering
he will leave his country and go to Canaan (the land God would show him)
God as Judge
Jews believe God judges them for how well they follow these laws
God’s judgements are fair as He is merciful
two main times when God judges people:
- during the festival of Rosh Hashanah (God judges people for their actions over the past year)
- many Jews also believe they will be judged after death
Seal of the Covenant
Abraham proved the acceptance of the covenant by being circumcised himself and by circumcising all the males in his household
Jewish boys are still circumcised today when they are 8 days old as a continuing sign of this covenant
a physical mark of the covenant
God as Creator
it is written in the Torah that God took 6 days to create the universe
he took 4 days to make the universe fit to support life
he took 2 days to create all living creatures
God then rested and made the 7th day holy
All Jews believe that God sustains the universe
what is the place where Moses received the 10 commandments from God
Mount Sinai
Decalogue meaning
another name for the 10 commandments, the 10 commandments were a sign of the renewal of the covenant through Moses, the continuation of the covenant made with Abraham
First commandment
You shall have no other gods before Me
Second commandment
You shall make no idols
Third commandment
You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain
Fourth commandment
Keep the Sabbath day holy
Fifth commandment
Honour your father and your mother
Sixth commandment
You shall not murder
Seventh commandment
You shall not commit adultery
Eighth commandment
You shall not steal
Ninth commandment
You shall not bear false witness against your neighbor
Tenth commandment
You shall not covet
What are commandments 1-4 about
directly about the relationship between the Hebrews and God
What are commandments 5-10 about
they focus on ethical behaviour and conduct towards others
