Ix and clinical features of Breast Ca

Question 1

Symptoms of breast cancer

Answer 1

1. Lump
   - tethered
   - hard
   - irregular
2. Nipple changes
   - discharge
   - inversion
3. Skin changes
   - ulceration
   - peau d’orange

Question 2

risk factors of breast cancers

Answer 2

1. High oestrogen exposure
   - early menarche/late menopause
   - OCP / HRT
   - Obesity
2. Age
3. Family history /Genetic (BRCA1/2)
4. Alcohol /smoking

Question 3

What is triple assessment?

Answer 3

1. clinical examination of the breast
2. Imaging
   - mammogram > 35
   - ultrasound < 35
3. Fine needle aspiration and core Biopsy

Question 4

fine needle aspiration vs core biopsy

Answer 4

1. FNA - distinguist between benign and malignant cells

2. Core biopsy - of cancer is invasive

Question 5

Where can breast cancer metastasis to?

Answer 5

1. Brain
2. Lungs
3. Liver
4. Bone