IV Start/IV Therapy

Question 1

Define crystalloids IV solutions

Answer 1

low cost salt solutions with small molecules that move easily around that body when given through a vein.
examples: Normal Saline, D5W, D5 1/2 NS + 20 meq KCL

Question 2

Define colloid IV solutions

Answer 2

more expensive than crystalloids, colloids have bigger molecules that stay in the blood longer before passing into other parts of the body.
examples: dextran, albumin, blood and blood components

Question 3

Define peripheral IV

Answer 3

catheter lies in a vein in an extremity

Question 4

Define parenteral nutrition or TPN (total parenteral nutrition)

Answer 4

IV administration of a complex and highly concentrated solution that contain nutrients and electrolytes formulated for each patient’s individual nutritional needs

Question 5

Define Isotonic solutions

Answer 5

have the same effective osmolarity as body fluids.
used for extracellular fluid volume replacement to prevent or treat a deficit.
examples: Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringers (LR)

Question 6

Define Hypotonic solutions

Answer 6

osmolarity is less than body fluids. dilutes body fluids and moves water into cells rehydrating the cell
examples: 1/4 normal saline and 1/2 normal saline

Question 7

Define Hypertonic solutions

Answer 7

osmolarity is greater than body fluids pulling water out of cells causing them to shrivel.
examples: D10W, D5 1/2 3% NS

Question 8

Name two isotonic solutions used in resuscitation efforts and to provide rapid fluid volume replacement

Answer 8

Normal Saline (NS) and Lactated Ringer (LR)

Question 9

Potassium Chloride (KCL) given IV push can cause which conditions

Answer 9

cardiac dysrhythmia or cardiac arrest

Question 10

True or False: When placing a venous access device (IV) the technique is always sterile.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

When selecting the size of an over the needle device (angiocath) the larger the gauge the ________ diameter catheter is being used.

Answer 11

smaller

Question 12

Define primary line

Answer 12

connects directly to the IV cannula that is in the patient vein

Question 13

Define secondary line

Answer 13

shorter line used for IV medications and attaches to the primary line

Question 14

Once the skin is punctured, the nurse removes the stylet ___________.

Answer 14

once blood return is noticed in the chamber signifying the cannula is in the vein

Question 15

List indications for venipuncture:

Answer 15

blood specimen collection
fluid resuscitation
infuse medications
inject radiopaque tracers

Question 16

Define IV patency

Answer 16

The IV fluids are flowing without obstruction through the cannula.

Question 17

Change IV tubing on a continuous infusion every ____ hours.

Answer 17

96

Question 18

Change IV tubing on an intermittent infusion every _____ hours.

Answer 18

24

Question 19

Change tubing for blood products every _____hours

Answer 19

4

Question 20

Change continuous IV lipid tubing every ____hours

Answer 20

24

Question 21

True or False: The changing of IV fluid bags and IV tubing is a sterile procedure.

Answer 21

True

Question 22

List the times it is appropriate to change an IV site dressing:

Answer 22

Replace when the IV tubing is changed
Gauze dressings should be changed every 48 hours
Dressing becomes damp, loose, or soiled

Question 23

Define infiltration:

Answer 23

IV fluid is leaking into the subcutaneous tissue causing edema, pain, coolness to the touch.

Question 24

Define phlebitis:

Answer 24

Inflammation of the inner layer of vein causing redness, pain, warmth, possible streaking.

Question 25

IV sites should be assessed every ____ hours in oriented adults

Answer 25

4

Question 26

IV sites should be assessed every _____ hours in children.

Answer 26

1

Question 27

Define air embolism

Answer 27

blood vessel blockage caused by one or more bubbles of air in the circulatory system.

Question 28

When removing an IV from a patient on anticoagulants, what should the nurse consider?

Answer 28

Hold extended pressure after removing the cannula until the bleeding stops

Question 29

The spike of an IV tubing is sterile or unsterile?

Answer 29

Sterile

Question 30

Before initiating an IV start intervention the nurse will put on the following PPE.

Answer 30

Gloves

Question 31

A resilient vein that will most likely accept an IV cannula feel…

Answer 31

soft and bouncy

Question 32

When starting an IV, the nurse will advance at an angle between _____ and _____ degrees with the bevel of the needle ______

Answer 32

10-30

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