IM/Subcut/ID medication administration Flashcards

1
Q

Define intradermal injection.

A

a small volume of fluid is injected just under the epidermis at a 10-15 degree angle. slow absorption. 1 ml syringe, 26-29 gauge 3/8 to 1/2 inch length Maximum amount per site: 0.5 ml Site: forearm, upper back Example: skin testing, allergy testing

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2
Q

Define subcutaneous injection.

A

injection into the subcutaneous fatty tissue. given at a 45-90 degree angle depending on amount of fatty tissue. 1-3 ml syringe, 25-31 gauge 1/2 to 1’ length Maximum amount per site: 1 ml Site: upper posterior arm, abdomen, anterior thigh Example: insulin, heparin, enoxaparin

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3
Q

Define intramuscular injection.

A

injection into the musculature. given as a 90 degree angle. fast absorption due to increase blood supply 3 ml syringe, 20-23 gauge, 1-2 inches length Maximum amount per site: 3 ml Site: deltoid, vastus lateralis, ventrogluteal Example: antibiotics, pain medications

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4
Q

Identify the parts of the syringe and needle:

A

A: Plunger: sterile; avoid touching

B: Barrel

C: Measuring Point on stopper

D: Tip: sterile; avoid touching

E: Hub

F: Needle shaft: sterile; avoid touching

G: Bevel: sterile; avoid touching

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5
Q

Identify the following syringe:

A

This is a tuberculin syringe. It is used for preparing small amounts of medication.

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6
Q

When aspirating medication from an ampule, it is important that the nurse uses a _______ needle.

A

A filter needle

Rationale: A filter needle is needed to filter shards of glass that may have contaminated the medication. The nurse will place an appropriate size needle to adminster the medication.

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7
Q

True or False: It is necessary to inject air into an ampule before removing medication? Support your answer.

A

This is false. Ampules do not need air to obtain the medication that a vial needs because it is an open system. The medication will squirt back at you. :)

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8
Q

When preparing medication from a vial, the nurse will locate the diluent used/amount of diluent needed to dissove the medication on the _______.

A

Label

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9
Q

Commonly used diluents to dissolve medications in concentrated powders are ____________ and ___________.

A

Sterile distilled water and Normal Saline

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10
Q

As the needle gauge becomes smaller, the diameter becomes _________.

A

larger

Think: LL

Lower gauge number, Larger needle

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11
Q

True/False: When preparing medications from a vial, air must be injected to ease withdrawal of the medication? Support your answer.

A

True

Vials are closed system. Failure to inect air creates a vacuum within the vial that makes it difficult to withdrawel medication.

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12
Q

Explain compatibility of medications.

A

Compatibility means that two or more medications can mix together and be delivered safely. The nurse consults a drug reference to search compatibility issues.

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13
Q

Medications come in single or multidose vials. When preparing medications from a multidose vial, the nurse will label the vial with the following information:

A

Date and time of mixing

The concentration of medication per milliliter

Some multidose medications may need to be refrigerated

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14
Q

When mixing medications from a vial and an ampule, the nurse would prepare which medication first? Explain your answer

A

Prepare the vial first

It is not necessary to add air to withdrawn medication from the ampule

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15
Q

True or False: Before giving ANY type of insulin, the nurse must verify the dose with another nurse. Explain you answer.

A

True

This is a high alert medication

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16
Q

When administering regular and intermediate acting insulins, the nurse would prepare the ____________ insulin first.

A

Regular

This prevents contamination of the medications

Remember: RN (Regular to NPH)

17
Q

When administering an intradermal medication, the bevel of the needle is always pointed ____________.

A

UP

18
Q

Assessment before any injection would consist of…

A

Do a skin assessment of the chosen site. Is the site free of tenderness, skin lesions, bruising, abrasions,infection, necrosis?

Any underlying bone, major nerve/blood vessels?

19
Q

The volume administered in a subcutaneous injection is…

A

0.5-1.5 ml

20
Q

The volume administered in an intramuscular injection is…

A

2 ml-5 ml