IV medications Flashcards
IV meds scope of practice
require indirect supervision and a co-sign
direct IV
from syringe into line and is considered a bolus measured in mg/min
Intermittent IV
comes from bag into line and is a piggyback
3 advantages of IV meds
rapid onset, maintains therapeutic blood levels, less discomfort for patients
2 disadvantages of IV meds
rapid onset which could lead to speed shock, possible dangerous complications such as fluid overload and infection
complications of IV meds
rash, phlebitis, infiltration, infection, extravasation
phlebitis
inflammation of inner lining of vein due to chemical irritation
mechanical phlebitis
catheter irritates or injures endothelial cells
chemical phlebitis
results from damage to tunica intima
S&S of phlebitis
redness, pain swelling, palpable cord
treatment of phlebitis
elevate limb and use warm compress
extravasation
escape of irritating fluid from vein into surrounding tissue
infiltration
escape of non-irritating fluid from vein into surrounding tissue
S&S of extravasation
cool skin, blanched and taut skin, tightness and burning sensation,
complications of extravasation
compartment syndrome, complex regional pain syndrome, necrosis
treatment of extravasation
use warm or cold compress, elevate
physical incompatibility
visible reaction that occurs
eg. hazy, precipitate formation
chemical incompatibility
degradation of drug
- reaction may not be visible
- unstable pH
therapeutic incompatibility
undesirable effect that occurs in patient as a result of 2 or more drugs being given at the same time
10% rule for minibag
if less than 10% no need to remove fluid
if greater than 10% then remove volume
characterization of local complications
occur due to adverse reactions or trauma to surrounding site
hematoma
infiltration of blood into tissues
- occur due to incorrect manipulation technique
clinical indication of hematoma
resistance to positive pressure flushing
