IV Maintenance Flashcards
How much of the body is water?
60%
Define interstitial
Fluid between cells and outside blood vessels
Define intravascular
Blood plasma
Define transcellular
Fluid separated from other fluid by epithelium
Define osmosis
The movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of lesser solute concentration to an area of greater solute concentration
Define osmotic pressure
The pressure needed to counter the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a low to high concentration of solutes— the opposing force to osmosis
Define colloid osmotic pressure
The pressure in the body that keeps fluid in the intravascular compartment by pulling water from the interstitial space back into the capillaries
Define hydrostatic pressure
The opposing force to oncotic pressure—pushes water out of the vascular system at the capillary level
Define crystalloids
Solution that contains solutes that cross semipermeable membranes— isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic
Define colloids
Contain a protein or starch which does not cross the semipermeable membrane, so it remains in the intravascular space— draw fluid into the vascular space
Define osmolarity
The term used to refer to the concentration or the amount of solute in fluids outside of the body
Define osmolality
Refers to the concentration of fluids inside the body (blood plasma)— measure the concentration of plasma and tells us about fluid/electrolyte balance
Define isotonic
Same concentration of solutes as the blood plasma so fluid stays in the intravascular space— used to restore vascular volume
Define hypotonic
Solutions with a lesser concentration of solutes to plasma— fluid moves out of the intravascular space into the interstitial space
Define hypertonic
Solutions have a higher concentration of solutes that plasma— pulls fluid into the intravascular space
